aZLPA0521p Patologie I - přednáška

Lékařská fakulta
podzim 2018
Rozsah
2/0/0. 30. 0 kr. Ukončení: z.
Vyučující
prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Víta Žampachová (přednášející)
MUDr. Iva Staniczková Zambo, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Michal Tichý, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Mgr. Iva Holušová (pomocník)
Kamila Kožíšková (pomocník)
Garance
prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D.
I. ústav patologie – Společná pracoviště s Fakultní nemocnicí u sv. Anny v Brně – Lékařská fakulta
Dodavatelské pracoviště: I. ústav patologie – Společná pracoviště s Fakultní nemocnicí u sv. Anny v Brně – Lékařská fakulta
Rozvrh
Po 16:40–19:10 PatÚI N01008
Předpoklady
aZLFY0422c Fyziologie II - cvičení && aZLBC041c Biochemie II - cvičení && aZLAN0333p Anatomie III - předn. && aZLHE0322p Histol. a embryol.II - předn. && ( aZLLT0222s Zákl. lék. terminologie II -s || ZLLT0222s Zákl. lék. terminologie II-s ) && aZLET021p Ethics in Dentistry - lecture && aZC041 Zacházení s chemickými látkami
aZLFY0422c && aZLBC041c && aZLAN0333p && aZLHE0322p && (aZLLT0222s || ZLLT0222s) && aZLET021p && aZC041
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
The main aims of the course include:
understanding the basic pathologic processes (regressive and progressive changes, inflammation, pathologic immune reactions, oncogenesis, genetic background of disease)
knowledge of basic classifications of non-neoplastic and neoplastic disorders
application of this knowledge in individual organ systems with focus on morphological substrate od individual disorders from both microscopis and macroscopic point of view
introduction of the role of pathology in clinical practice, of methods of tissue processing, methods of molecular pathology; demonstration of pathological anatomical autopsies and thier evaluation.
Výstupy z učení
Completing the course, the student will be able:
- to understand basic pathologic processes (regressive and progressive changes, inflammation, pathologic immune reactions, oncogenesis, genetic background of disease)
- to know basic classifications of both nonneoplastic and neoplastic disorders
- to apply the knowledge of general pathology to individual organ systems: to know basic etiopathogenesis, both macroscopic and microscopic correlates, basic clinical symptoms and complications of diseases in individual organ systems
- to know the role of pathology in clinical practive and main methods of examination in pathology.
Osnova
  • Introductory information. Basic nomenclature: autopsy, histological necroptic and bioptical examination, the importance of autopsies. Death and postmortal changes. Necrosis: types and appearance, causes and further evolution. Apoptosis, maceration.
  • Atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia.
  • Inflammation (acute, chronic); gross and macroscopic appearance Phagocytosis, cells engaged in inflammation. Chemical mediators of inflammation.
  • Inflammation: types and their characteristics (superficial, deep, serous, fibrinous...). Macroscopic & microscopic changes Fever, sepsis, pyemia Healing and reparation Specific inflammation (tuberculosis, lues, lepra, sarkoidosis); granulomatous inflam-mation.
  • Immune system and its function Immune reactions, their classification and pathology. Autoimmune diseases. Rejection.
  • Immunodeficiency diseases (inborn and acquired). HIV. Infections in immunocompromised patients Infectious diseases.
  • Hemodynamic disorders od perfusion (central and peripheral). Shock, fluid loss and overload Local disorders of circulation (infarction, embolism, edema), DIC, eclampsy.
  • General oncology; Benign and malignant tumors and their classification.Cancerogenesis. Epithelial tumors, choriocarcinoma, mesothelioma.
  • Leukemia. Lymphomas (WHO classification)
  • Mesenchymal tumors. Tumors of peripheral nervous system Pigmented skin lesions. Neuroectodermal tumors of CNS.
  • Cardiovascular pathology: congenital heart disease, inflammatory heart disease, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy.
  • Cardiovascular pathology: blood vessels (degenerative changes, vasculitis), myocardial biopsy.
  • The respiratory systém.
  • Autopsy, biopsy. Tissue fixation, sampling and processing. Frozen sections.Light, fluorescent, electron microscopy. Cytology (smears, fine needle aspirations). Routine and special staining, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry Molecular biology techniques.
Literatura
    povinná literatura
  • Underwood's pathology : a clinical approach. Edited by Simon S. Cross. 6th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2013, xviii, 769. ISBN 9780702046735. info
    doporučená literatura
  • KUMAR, Vinay. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. Illustrated by James A. Perkins. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2010, xiv, 1450. ISBN 9781416031215. info
Výukové metody
Pathology course consists of lectures and practical classes. Practical classes include two parts: histopathological practices (with demonstration of microscopic and macroscopic findings of bioptic and auroptic samples) and autoptical practices (with demonstration of pathological anatomical autopsies).
Metody hodnocení
The course of pathology is closed by oral exam covering three sets of topics: general pathology, systemic pathology and oncology. The list of these topics is available to the students in advance. Attendance is compulsory, knowledge of the students is periodically tested during the practical classes. Testing is oral or by written tests.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Informace učitele
Podrobné informace o průběhu výuky jsou vyvěšeny na I. PAÚ.
Další komentáře
Předmět je dovoleno ukončit i mimo zkouškové období.
Předmět je vyučován každoročně.
Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích podzim 2017, podzim 2019, podzim 2020, podzim 2021, podzim 2022, podzim 2023, podzim 2024.