EMBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2022
Extent and Intensity
3/0/0. 1 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (assistant)
Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (assistant)
Bc. Ivana Ševčíková (assistant)
Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D.
Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Tue 8:00–9:50 B22/116 aula, Thu 8:00–8:50 B22/116 aula
Prerequisites (in Czech)
EMLC0111p Medical Chemistry - lecture && EMBI0222s Biologie II - seminář || EMBI0222p Biologie II - přednáška
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The aim of the course Biochemistry I is to gain knowledge about the basic metabolic processes and pathways taking place at the cellular level. Understanding these processes is the basis for understanding metabolism at the tissue and organ level, which is the content of the follow-up course Biochemistry II.
Learning outcomes
After completing the course the student will be able to:
- describe and discuss the properties and function of enzymes
- describe the basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of cellular metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins and their connections
- understand the principles of obtaining, using and storing energy processes at the cellular level
- know protein synthesis, starting with the processes of replication and transcription, translation and posttranslational modifications
- understand the relationship between the structure and function of proteins
- know the function of hemoglobin in transporting oxygen and maintaining acid-base balance
Syllabus
  • Chemical composition of the human body, ROS, distribution of water in the body, osmolality and osmolarity, the importance of buffers.
  • Structure of biomembranes, their construction and degradation.
  • Specialized structures of the plasma membrane. Transport across membranes.
  • Enzymes. Characteristic features of biocatalysis, structure of enzymes and their relation to   function, names and classification of enzymes.
  • Cofactors of enzymes, overview of structures and their functions.
  • Mechanism of action of enzymes, kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions. Determination of catalytic activity of enzymes, choice of conditions. Influence of catalytic activity, types of inhibition.
  • General principles of metabolism. Biological oxidations, macroergic compounds.
  • Carbohydrate metabolism. Glycolysis. Gluconeogenesis. Glycogen synthesis and degradation. Pentose cycle. Mutual transformations of carbohydrates in the cell, formation of sugar derivatives.
  • Protein and amino acid metabolism. General mechanisms of amino acid biodegradation, ureosynthesis. Metabolism of individual amino acids and their carbon skeleton.
  • Synthesis and degradation of fatty acids, ketogenesis. Synthesis of triacylglycerols. Metabolism of phospholipids and glycolipids. Formation of icosanoids. Synthesis and conversion of cholesterol, bile acids.
  • Mutual relations of nutrient conversion. Citrate cycle. Mitochondria. Respiratory chain enzymes, formation of ATP in the process of aerobic phosphorylation.
  • Heme synthesis. Hemoglobin structure, its relation to transport functions. Saturation curve, influence of hemoglobin oxygen saturation and oxygen transport function. Bohr effect. Basic types of hemoglobin in human blood, concentration. Altered types of hemoglobin.
  • Biosynthesis and degradation of nucleotides and their bases. Nuclear chromatin, DNA replication and transcription, regulation of transcription.
  • Proteosynthesis and posttranslational modifications of the polypeptide chain.
Literature
    required literature
  • MURRAY, Robert K., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY, Victor W. RODWELL and P. Anthony WEIL. Harperova ilustrovaná biochemie. Translated by Bohuslav Matouš. Páté české vydání, prv. Praha: Galén, 2012, xii, 730. ISBN 9788072629077. info
    recommended literature
  • LIEBERMAN, Michael and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 5th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2018, xii, 1051. ISBN 9781496387721. info
  • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Úvod do všeobecnej a klinicky aplikovanej biochémie. Edited by Jozef Čársky. Prvé slovenské vydanie. Bratislava: Balneotherma s.r.o., 2015, 669 stran. ISBN 9788097015688. info
  • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich RÖHM. Barevný atlas biochemie. Grada. Praha, 2012, 498 pp. ISBN 978-80-247-2977-0. info
Teaching methods
Lectures.
Assessment methods
Students pass to continuing education in the following semester without any duty of knowledge checking in this semester.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Information on completion of the course: úspěšné ukončení předmětu je podmíněno úspěšným ukončením předmětu EMBC0321s.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
The course is also listed under the following terms autumn 2021, autumn 2023, autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2022, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/autumn2022/EMBC0321p