EMPF0521p Patologická fyziologie I - přednáška

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2022
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 1 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. Julie Dobrovolná, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Kateřina Kaňková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Monika Pávková Goldbergová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc. (lecturer)
Věra Ježková (assistant)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.
Department of Pathophysiology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Supplier department: Department of Pathophysiology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Thu 16:00–17:40 B11/234
Prerequisites
EMBC0422c Biochemistry II - practice && EMBC0422s Biochemistry II - seminar && EMBC0422p Biochemistry II - lecture && EMFY0422c Fyziologie II - cvičení && EMFY0422p Fyziologie II - přednáška
Aim of the subject is to teach the students basic principles of etiology and pathogenesis of diseases especially focused on embryological consequences
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Aim of the subject is to teach the students basic principles of etiology and pathogenesis of diseases especially focused on embryological consequences
Learning outcomes
Are taken from OPTIMED and expressed in questions to exam. General pathophysiology • Student characterizes state of healthy and disease • Student calls main sources of interindividual variability • Student discusses influences which determined population frequencies of alleles • Student distinguishes mutation types according to the mechanism • Student describes base principles of methods detecting human genome and its variability • Student summarises base types of DNA reparation • Student describes base characteristics of monogenic diseases • Student discusses base principles and indications of gene therapy • Student knows an importance of the term of pharmacogenetics • Student demonstrates understanding of an influence of external factors on disease development • Student characterizes base features of complex diseases • Student summarises importance of epigenetics • Student describes pathophysiology of stress reaction • Student defines homeostasis term • Student is able to describe base principles of multicellular organism functioning • Student identifies disorder of growth and development from ontogenetic point of view • Student describes results of hypoxia including HIF 1 program • Student explains a difference between local and systemic inflammation • Student explains pathogenesis of oedema • Student discusses etiopathogenesis of the most important ion homeostasis disturbances • Student distinguishes base acid base balance disturbances and possibilities of their compensation • Student applies knowledge of volume and tonicity regulation • Student discusses a role of platelets and physiological endothelium during antiaggregation state and understands base principles of antiaggregation therapy • Student knows principles and performance of base coagulation tests • Student explains wound healing process with examples of pathological healing • Student knows pathophysiology of urgent states in oncology diseases • Student explains an importance of micronutrients abnormalities • Student knows results of abnormal vitamin levels • Student explains mechanism of genomic and non- genomic effects of soluble in lipids vitamins • Student discusses pathophysiology of protein metabolism • Student understands the base principles of regulation of glucose • Student interprets knowledge of immune recognition of own and foreign structure on examples of specifically organ and systemic disorders • Student interprets immunological knowledge of hypersensitive mechanisms in pathophysiology of atopic and allergic changes • Student describes onset, signs and results of heart and vessels remodelling • Student applies chronobiology knowledge for explication of different pathophysiological changes
Syllabus
  • Pathophysiology: an integrating medical speciality. Aetiology and pathogenesis of diseases. Ethics of experiments in medicine. • Atherosclerosis. Remodelling of blood vessels. Diseases of peripheral blood vessels. • Pressure and volume overload of heart. Sytolic and diastolic heart dysfunction. Heart remodelling. Heart failure. • Metabolism of myocardium, ischemic heart disease, myocardium infarction. • Pathophysiology of liver disorders. • Pathophysiology of gas exchange and ventilation control in the lungs. • Lung diseases. • Inflammation. Acute phase reaction. Systemic reaction of organism on damage. Regeneration and reparation. Wound healing. Pathophysiology of blood clotting. • Acid base balance disorders. • Pathophysiological aspects of renal functions. Kidney diseases. Acute and chronic renal failure. • Pathophysiology of water and electrolytes. Tonicity and volume disturbances. • Bone and muscles disordes.
Literature
    required literature
  • PÁVKOVÁ GOLDBERGOVÁ, Monika, Kamil ĎURIŠ, Jaromír GUMULEC, Jaromír GUMULEC, Adam PAŽOUREK and Anna VAŠKŮ. Patofyziologie v obrazech (Pathophysiology in Pictures). 1. dotisk 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2018. ISBN 978-80-210-8323-3. info
  • SILBERNAGL, Stefan and Florian LANG. Atlas patofyziologie. Translated by Miloš Langmeier. 2., české vyd. Praha: Grada, 2012, x, 406. ISBN 9788024735559. info
  • NEČAS, Emanuel. Obecná patologická fyziologie. 3. vyd. Praha: Karolinum, 2009, 377 s. ISBN 9788024616889. info
Teaching methods
Lessons are led in the form of lectures.
Assessment methods
The attendance of lectures and only one absence on practicals per semester are necessary for succesfull accomplishment of the subject. Continous control of knowledge in practicals is fully in powers of teachers (assays, tests...). Elaborated proceedings of practicals will be put to teachers for credit.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 30.
Teacher's information
http://www.med.muni.cz/fyziol
Podzimní semestr 2022 – Embryolog, Zubní lékařství

čtvrtek 16:00 – 17:40

16. 9. Zdraví a nemoc-obecné příčiny nemocí-etiologie a patogeneze – syndrom/symptom. Zevní faktory vzniku nemocí – fyzikální, chemické a biologické patogenní faktory. Genetická predispozice nemocí. Epigenetická modulace genomu pod vlivem faktorů prostředí [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.]

23. 9. Homeostáza – principy regulace a poruchy fyziologických regulací a chronobiologie. [Prof. MUDr. Julie Dobrovolná, PhD.] 29. 9. Patofyziologie vnitřní sekrece I – příštítná tělíska, vit. D, metabolismus kalcia a fosfátů a jeho poruchy [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.]

6. 10. Poruchy volumu a tonicity tělesných tekutin [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.] 13. 10. Buňka x tkáň x orgán-regulace proliferace, diferenciace a zániku buněk (nekróza vs. apoptóza). [Prof. RNDr. Monika Pávková-Goldbergová, PhD.]

20. 10. Patofyziologie oběhového systému I – tlakové a objemové přetížení srdce-systolická a diastolická dysfunkce-remodelace myokardu-patofyziologie srdečního selhání [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.]

27. 10. Patofyziologie oběhového systému II – metabolismus myokardu-ateroskleróza – ischemická choroba srdce (akutní a chronické formy) - projevy ve vybraných periferních predilekčních lokalizacích (DKK, mozek) [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.]

3. 11. Patofyziologie oběhového systému III – vybrané příčiny přetížení srdce a srdečního selhání (systémová arteriální hypertenze, srdeční vady, kardiomyopatie) [Prof. MUDr.Anna Vašků, CSc.]

10. 11. Patofyziologie vnitřní sekrece II– nadledviny, štítná žláza [Prof. MUDr. Julie Dobrovolná, PhD.]

17. 11. Státní svátek

24. 11. Patofyziologie dýchacího systému I – řízení ventilace – syndromy respirační insuficience, plicní edém, syndromy dechové tísně, vybraná restrikční onemocnění plic [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.]

1. 12. Patofyziologie dýchacího systému II – obstrukční nemoci (astma bronchiale a CHOPN), plicní hypertenze [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.]

8. 12. Patofyziologie dýchacího systému III-krevní plyny – poruchy výměny plynů v plicích (poruchy ventilace x difúze x perfúze) – ventilačně-perfúzní nepoměr [Prof. MUDr. Anna Vašků, CSc.]

15. 12. Patofyziologie vylučovacího systému I – regulace glomerulární hemodynamiky – GFR a její stanovení – patologie glom. filtrační membrány – proteinurie, nemoci glomerulů (glomerulopatie a glomerulonefritidy) [Prof. MUDr. Kateřina Kaňková, PhD.]

The course is also listed under the following terms autumn 2023, autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2022, recent)
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