E3240 Biomarkers I - Methods and Tools

Přírodovědecká fakulta
podzim 2024

Předmět se v období podzim 2024 nevypisuje.

Rozsah
2/1/0. 3 kr. (příf plus uk plus > 4). Ukončení: zk.
Vyučováno kontaktně
Vyučující
prof. RNDr. Luděk Bláha, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Garance
prof. RNDr. Luděk Bláha, Ph.D.
RECETOX – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: prof. RNDr. Luděk Bláha, Ph.D.
Dodavatelské pracoviště: RECETOX – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Předpoklady
The course does not have any specific pre-requisites. Basic knowledge in (molecular) biology and (analytical) chemistry is advantagoues.
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je nabízen i studentům mimo mateřské obory.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
The objectives of the course (organized in the Autumn semester, lectured in English) is to introduce and review various types of biomarkers, discuss relevant concepts in science as well as practical use and interpretations in different contexts. Further, the course introduces principles of biomarker development, instrumental analysis or biodetection. The course is primarily concerned with biomarkers related to interactions of SMALL MOLECULES (drugs, toxicants, environmental pollutants etc.) with living systems – humans, experimental organisms and wild biota. Correspondingly, the course focuses on BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE, BIOMARKERS OF RESPONSE-EFFECTS and BIOMARKERS OF SUSCEPTIBILITY relevant to interactions with small molecules. The course focuses on methodological aspects at all levels, i.e. designing a study, sampling and sample preparation, biomarker determination, result analysis and interpretation. The topics related to biomarkers in clinical medicine or epidemiology are briefly introduced and interested students are invited to enroll into a sister course E0290 (Interpretace biomarkerů v klinických a epidemiologických studiích), which is offered in synergy and complements the present course.
Výstupy z učení
At the end of the course students will be able to: - discuss and describe biomarkers of exposure, response (effects), and susceptibility - know and apply principles of sampling, sample processing, instrumental or (bio)analytical determination and analysis of biomarkers - propose a plan and design studies with various purposes (aims) that incorporate biomarkers - use knowledge from practical examples of biomarker applications – namely in pharmacology, toxicology and ecotoxicology
Osnova
  • The content of the course is planned for 12 weeks of regular semester. The content starts with biomarkers of EFFECTS/RESPONSE, moving to biomarkers of EXPOSURES and concluding with biomarkers of SUSCEPTIBILITY. 1. Introduction, types of biomarkers, concepts in different disciplines, terminology, NIEHS and FDA classifications, alignment. Research vs real life applications. (From genome to phenome). EXAMPLE 1 – occupational exposures. 2. Biomarkers of EFFECTS/RESPONSE in toxicology and ecotoxicology; small molecules and (eco)toxic effects - translation to biomarkers. Systemic biomarkers (in vivo behavioral and clinical; imunohistopathology, chemistry and hematology responses). EXAMPLE 2 – Ecotoxicology study. 3. SEMINAR 1 - Environmental toxicology - case study elaborated in group work, problem solving and discussion 4. Biomarkers in pharmacology - biologically active molecules in living systems, reflections as biomarkers - predictive, pharmacodynamic response, safety. EXAMPLE 3 - Drug safety. 5. Methods for biomarkers in pharmacology - approaches to analyze mode-of-action based biomarkers (from gene trascription through proteins to metabolites; general biomarkers (oxidative damage; hsp) 6. SEMINAR 2 - Biomarkers in human toxicology and pharmacology - - case study elaborated in group work, problem solving and discussion 7. Biomarkers of EXPOSURES - detecting small malecules in biological matrices, target/suspect/non-target assessment; exogenous chemicals vs metabolites vs adducts. 8. Exposome and omics biomarkers - methods, workflows, dataflows; top-down / bottom-up approaches 9. SEMINAR 3 - Interpreting the exposure biomarkers - case study elaborated in group work, problem solving and discussion 10. Biomarkers of SUSCEPTIBILITY - evolutionary and physiological adaptations; ADME, activation of compounds (pro-drugs, pro-carcinogens), examples of CYPs and their role in individual susceptibility. 11. Methods in evaluation of susceptibility and personalized medicine including genomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics and multi-omics approaches 12. SEMINAR 4 – Designing the biomarkers for exposome study - case study elaborated in group work, problem solving and discussion.
Výukové metody
The course combines (i) lectures, i.e. presentations and face-to-face interactions (2 hours per week on average, attendance non obligatory), (ii) interactive seminars - case studies and problem solving - 4-times during the semester on specific dates, each seminar is 3 hours, i.e. 12h total (attendance is obligatory), (iii) homework preparation for seminars is required (ca 18h total homework time estimated over the semester).
Metody hodnocení
Students are obliged to participate at 4 seminars during the semester, where they develop protocols from the case studies. One out of 4 seminars can be eventually missed (provided that student presents formal apology and serious reasons - such as health issues). The course is finished with an exam - written test (open questions, 80% weight) followed by brief oral discussion over the test responses (20% weight).
Náhradní absolvování
For the theoretical parts, students can be provided with study materials (slides, texts, videorecordings of the lectures). Practical / seminar case studies can be agreed on individual basis.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Další komentáře
Předmět je vyučován každoročně.
Výuka probíhá každý týden.
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/predmet/sci/podzim2024/E3240