ZA313 Paleoclimatology

Přírodovědecká fakulta
podzim 2024

Předmět se v období podzim 2024 nevypisuje.

Rozsah
2/1/0. 5 kr. Ukončení: zk.
Vyučující
prof. RNDr. Petr Dobrovolný, CSc. (přednášející)
doc. Mgr. Daniel Nývlt, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Garance
prof. RNDr. Petr Dobrovolný, CSc.
Geografický ústav – Sekce věd o Zemi – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Geografický ústav – Sekce věd o Zemi – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Předpoklady
Basic knowledge of physical geography and historical geology.
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
Climate of the planet Earth is a very dynamic system that has changed since the beginning of the Earth's atmosphere at different time scales in connection with changes in external and internal climate forcings. The main internal forcings of climate change in the past of the planet Earth were geotectonic evolution of continents and oceans influencing volcanic activity and subsequently also oceanic and atmospheric dynamics. The main external forcings are astronomical factors associated with changes in Earth's orbital parameters and solar radiation intensity. The course aims to summarize the main causes of Earth's climate changes on different time scales from geotectonic cycles lasting hundreds of millions of years up to inter-annual changes recorded in selected natural and anthropogenic archives. In addition to the role of climate forcing factors, attention will also be paid to fluctuations related to internal variability of the climate system. Climate changes in Earth's history are compared with current global climate change and its probable causes. An overview of available databases for climate reconstruction and an overview of the main methods used for quantitative climate reconstruction, including uncertainty estimates, are provided.
Výstupy z učení
After finishing of this course student will be able to: - understand relationships between Earth's geological history and climate formation; - explain the causes and consequences of climatic changes leading to climate change on different time scales; - apply basic palaeoclimatic techniques in the study of natural and anthropogenic archives.
Osnova
  • 1. Planet Earth’s climate evolution on geological scales (DN) 2. Dating methods (DN) 3. Ice core records and changes in global glaciation (DN) 4. Aquatic environments, marine and lake sediments (DN) 5. Terrestrial environment, loess series, organic sediments (DN) 6. Abiotic proxies in natural records - physical and chemical methods (DN) 7. Biological proxies in natural records (DN or external) 8. High resolution paleoclimatology, concept, definition, assumptions (PD) 9. Climate forcing during the Holocene (PD) 10. Dendroclimatology principles and methods of quantitative climate reconstruction (PD) 11. Historical climatology principles and methods of quantitative climate reconstruction (PD) 12. Climate Change during the Holocene (Past 12,000 Years) (PD) 13. The climate of the Common Era (Past 2,000 Years) (PD)
Literatura
    povinná literatura
  • BRADLEY, Raymond S. Paleoclimatology : reconstructing climates of the quaternary. 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2015, xx, 675. ISBN 9780123869135. info
    doporučená literatura
  • CRONIN, Thomas M. Paleoclimates : understanding climate change past and present. New York [N.Y.]: Columbia University Press, 2010, xviii, 441. ISBN 9780231144940. info
  • WALKER, M. J. C. Quaternary dating methods. Chichester, West Sussex, England: J. Wiley, 2005, xvii, 286. ISBN 0470869275. URL info
  • IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, Working Group 1: The Physical Science Basis, available on-line at https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/
  • White, S., Pfister, C., Mauelshagen, F. The Palgrave Handbook of Climate History. první. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018. s. 115-129. ISBN 978-1-137-43019-9. doi:10.1057/978-1-137-43020-5_11.
  • MÉLIÈRES, Marie-Antoinette a Chloé MARÉCHAL. Climate change: past, present and future. Translated by Erik Geissler - Catherine Cox. First published. Oxford, UK: Wiley Blackwell, 2015, xvii, 391. ISBN 9781118708514. info
  • RUDDIMAN, W. F. Earth's climate : past and future. Third edition. New York: Macmillan education, 2014, xvii, 445. ISBN 9781319154004. info
Výukové metody
The course will be taught in the form of lectures together with seminars/practical exercises. In seminars students will present their own presentation on selected topic. In exercises they will practically examine the procedures of quantitative reconstruction with various proxy data using R.
Metody hodnocení
Hourly training of seminars will be used for student presentations of selected topics, which will be evaluated. Students will submit protocols from practical exercises. Feedback will be given on the results of practical exercises.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
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