GI001 Modern techniques in geology - invited lectures

Přírodovědecká fakulta
podzim 2017
Rozsah
1/0/0. 2 kr. Ukončení: kz.
Vyučující
doc. Mgr. Martin Ivanov, Dr. (přednášející)
Garance
doc. RNDr. Rostislav Melichar, Dr.
Ústav geologických věd – Sekce věd o Zemi – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: doc. Mgr. Martin Ivanov, Dr.
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Ústav geologických věd – Sekce věd o Zemi – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Předpoklady
( (!(PROGRAM(B-GE)||PROGRAM(N-GE)||PROGRAM(D-GE4)||PROGRAM(D-GE)||PROGRAM(C-CV))) || (NOW( G0101 Školení BOZP a PO pro geology )&&NOW( C7777 Zacházení s chemickými látkami )))
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je nabízen i studentům mimo mateřské obory.
Předmět si smí zapsat nejvýše 72 stud.
Momentální stav registrace a zápisu: zapsáno: 0/72, pouze zareg.: 0/72, pouze zareg. s předností (mateřské obory): 0/72
Mateřské obory/plány
předmět má 29 mateřských oborů, zobrazit
Osnova
  • 10.11.2017 1 day short course (2 + 2 hour lecture):
  • prof. Yana Fedortchouk, Dalhousie University, Kanada:
  • Diamond as a messenger from the Earth’s interior: natural samples and experiment
  • Natural diamond is a valuable conveyor of information from a large range of depths and ages, with unique applications for origins of cratons, processes in subcontinental mantle including kimberlite magmatism, and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in collision orogens.
  • The short course is aimed to introduce students to studies of diamonds in natural samples and in experiments. We will discuss natural occurrences, formation, and survival of diamonds in different settings. We will learn how the modern analytical techniques help to reveal this information from diamond inclusions, isotopes, impurities, defects, and surface dissolution features. We will see how experimental studies of diamond dissolution features reproduce the conditions of diamond natural environments and help to predict diamond preservation in kimberlites. The practical part will be dedicated to plotting and interpreting data acquired using advanced analytical techniques and experiments.
  • -----------------
  • 8.12.2017: 1 day short course (2 + 2 hour lecture):
  • dr. Richard Wirth, GFZ Potsdam:
  • Applications of FIB-TEM in Geosciences
  • Site-specific sample preparation of electron transparent foils for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using focused ion beam (FIB) technique was introduced approximately 20 years ago. This development allowed a much wider application of TEM in Geosciences. This technique provided access to micro- and nanoinclusions in minerals such as diamond. The results from TEM studies on inclusions in diamond gave new insights in the formation of diamond. The nanoinclusions in diamond indicate the growth medium diamond has nucleated and grown, whereas the larger microinclusions represent the mantle environment where diamond has grown.
  • FIB/TEM studies have been applied to metamorphic and magmatic rocks studying exolution features, phase transformations, structure of grain and phase boundaries unmixing of melts, and early stages of crystallization. That technique has been successfully applied to Geobiology e.g. coccoliths and foraminifers. Another important application of FIB/TEM is demonstrated with samples from ore deposits such as PMG from Bushveld and other locations. Processing of ore, especially ores with PGE, it is important to know whether the PGE are incorporated in the crystal structure or whether they form mineral inclusions in a host mineral. That question can be answered with FIB/TEM technique.
  • However, modern FIB systems that combine FIB with SEM provide some additional valuable techniques for studies in Geosciences. FIB systems can be used for EBSD studies with high special resolution. Another application is 3D imaging (tomography) with very high special resolution. Questions about distribution of porosity, connectivity of porosity, distribution of organic material in sedimentary rocks can be answered with that technique.
  • Last but not least FIB systems can be used as tools for sample preparation not only for TEM but also for FT-IR, Brillouin spectroscopy and recovery of DAC experiments.
  • The presentation shall provide an overview of the state of the art application of FIB/TEM in Geosciences.
Výukové metody
2 x 1 day short course (lecture)
Metody hodnocení
Students should participate in lectures. The course will be terminated by a short test in Czech language.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Další komentáře
Studijní materiály
Poznámka k ukončení předmětu: Předmět bude ukončen krátkým testem, zaměřeným na témata obou přednášek. Test bude probíhat v češtině.
Předmět je dovoleno ukončit i mimo zkouškové období.
Předmět je vyučován každý semestr.
Poznámka k periodicitě výuky: Bude otevřen v podzimním semestru 2017/2018.
Výuka probíhá blokově.
Poznámka k četnosti výuky: v pátek, konat se budou dva bloky přednášek po 4 hodinách.
Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích podzim 2016, jaro 2018, podzim 2018, jaro 2019, podzim 2019, jaro 2020, jaro 2021, podzim 2022.