Bi9903en Developmental Biology Of Animals

Přírodovědecká fakulta
podzim 2023
Rozsah
2/0/0. 2 kr. (plus ukončení). Ukončení: zk.
Vyučující
doc. RNDr. Marcela Buchtová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Mgr. Tomáš Bárta, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Garance
doc. RNDr. Marcela Buchtová, Ph.D.
Ústav experimentální biologie – Biologická sekce – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: Mgr. Pavel Dobeš, Ph.D.
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Ústav experimentální biologie – Biologická sekce – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Rozvrh
Po 8:00–9:50 B11/333
Předpoklady
(! Bi9903 Vývojová biol. živ. ) && !NOWANY( Bi9903 Vývojová biol. živ. )
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je nabízen i studentům mimo mateřské obory.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
Main objectives of the course are: - to learn about basic methods and models used in the animal developmental biology - to learn about molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating animal development - to discuss practical aspects associated with the studies of development
Výstupy z učení
Student passing this course will be able to understand and explain the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling the embryonal development of animals. Student will be further able to understand the topic in depth (approaches, methods) sufficient for an independent review of the primary literature.
Osnova
  • 1. Introduction to developmental biology. General attributes of development: genomic equivalence, cloning, early development, morphogenetic processes. Developmental biology: Developmental mutants and their screening, gene cloning, transgenesis, gene duplication. 2. Experimental embryology. Techniques used in developmental biology: microscopy, methods for gene expression analysis, reporters, microinjections, labeling methods, cell sorting. Main model organisms: model advantages, availability and price, micromanipulation, gene and genome maps. Characterization of 6 main models: Xenopus, Zebrafish, Chicken, Mouse, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabdis elegans. 3. Mouse as a model for developmental biology. Current possibilities of gene manipulation in mouse, accessible systems, advantages, disadvantages and hands-on approaches. 4. Growth, regeneration and evolution. Growth and aging: size and proportion of the body, growth of the skeleton; postnatal growth and differentiation. Growth, aging and death. Molecular mechanisms of aging. Regeneration of the missing body-parts: introduction, regeneration of planarian body, limb regeneration in vertebrates. Ontogenesis and phylogenesis: macroevolution, primary animal. 5. Mechanisms regulating the beginning of development. Oocyte- and sperm- development in mammals, molecular mechanisms ensuring correct localization of maternal mRNA and oocyte-function, molecular mechanisms connected with fertilization, cell processes linked to fertility defects. 6. Key molecular components regulating development I. Molecular characterization of main morphogenetic systems: TGF/BMP, tyrosine kinase receptor (insulin receptor, FGF, ephrins and other tyrosine kinases). Examples of regulated processes. 7. Key molecular components regulating development II. Hedgehog, WNT, Notch, HIF. 8. Key molecular components of development III. Extracellular matrix (interactions with ligands), mechanisms of adhesion and cell migration. Key transcription factors (bHLH, Pax, homeobox proteins etc.), iPS. 9. Mechanisms of development I (FGF) Characterization of the FGF morphogenetic system: Major components, molecular mechanisms of signal transduction, molecular, cellular and tissue phenotypes, the most important mutants, FGF interaction with other morphogens in the limb formation. 10. Mechanisms of development II (Wnt). Major components, molecular mechanisms of signal transduction, molecular, cellular and tissue phenotypes, the most important mutants, Wnt interaction with other morphogens in the development of a selected organ. 11. Marcela Buchtová. Practical work with chick developmental model. 12. Invited lecture of the specialist from abroad.
Literatura
    doporučená literatura
  • GILBERT, Scott F. Developmental biology. Edited by Susan R. Singer. 8th ed. Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer Associates, 2006, xviii, 817. ISBN 087893250X. info
  • WILT, Fred H. a Sarah HAKE. Principles of developmental biology. New York, N.Y.: W.W. Norton & Company, 2004, xxiii, 430. ISBN 0393974308. info
  • BROWDER, Leon W., Carol A. ERICKSON a William R. JEFFERY. Developmental biology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders College Publishing, 1991, 754 s. ISBN 0030135141. info
    neurčeno
  • SLACK, J. M. W. Essential developmental biology. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 2006, ix, 365. ISBN 1405122161. info
Výukové metody
Teaching methods: lectures, class discussion, group projects, presentations by professionals in the sector
Metody hodnocení
exam
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Další komentáře
Studijní materiály
Předmět je vyučován každoročně.
Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích podzim 2022, podzim 2024.