LF:STFA072 Pharmacology - Course Information

STFA072 Pharmacology

Faculty of Medicine
Autumn 2005

Extent and Intensity

2/2.5/0. 16 credit(s). Type of Completion: RZk (examination).

Teacher(s)

Guaranteed by

Contact Person: prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc.

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

Stomatology (programme LF, M-ST)

Syllabus

AUTUMN SEMESTER
LECTURES
26. 9. Introduction to psychopharmacology. Neurotransmiter mechanisms and specific neurotransmiter systems. 3.10. Antipsychotics, treatment of psychosis, undesirable effects. Drugs for affective (mood) disorders, Ist - III. (IV.)rd generations of antidepressants, anti-manic drugs. 10. 10. Nootropics. Anti-Parkinson pharmacotherapy, (dopaminergic drugs, central anticholinergic drugs). Drugs used in Alzheimer`s disease and other states of dementia. 17. 10. Drug addiction, mechanisms, treatment and prevention. Nicotin, side effects, toxicity, clinical problems. Therapy and prevention of nicotinism. 24.10. Anti-infective agents. Basic strategies of antimicrobial therapy, uses in pediatrics, during pregnancy and lactation, in patients with organ disorders. 31.10. Drugs affecting coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet aggregation 7.11. Antihypertensives. Diuretics, antiadrenergics, vasodilatators, combinative pharmacotherapy. 14. 11. Pharmacotherapy of heart failure. Inotropic drugs, digitalis, amrinone, dobutamine - pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, interactions, management of overdosage. Present standard of pharmacotherapy in patients with heart failure 21. 11. Pharmacotherapy of cardiac arrythmias. I.A - affecting membrane functions, quinidine-like effects; I.B - affecting mebrane functions with anesthetic effects; I.C - lorcainide, flecainide, propafenone; II. - beta-blockers; III. - increasing APD; IV. - calcium channel antagonists 28.11. Anti-anginal agents (nitrites, beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium entry blockers). Lipid lowering agents (bile acid ion-exchange resins, cholesterol synthesis inhibitors, fibric acid derivates, nicotinic acid, others).
SEMINARS Day 1 (Mon) - Introduction, organisatory remarks. Distribution of co-talks: Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics (6 topics). Sulfonamides, trimethoprim. Quinolones. Antituberculous drugs. Antiretroviral antivirotics. Antiherpetics. Histamine, H 1-3 receptors. Therapy of anaphylactic shock. Immunostimulation. Immunosuppression. 1 - ANALGESICS. Opioid and nonopioid analgesics. Pharmacotherapy of pain. Prescription and practical use of analgesic preparations. 2 - NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS, DRUGS USED IN GOUT. Mechanisms of action and classification of antiinflammatory and antirheumatic drugs (NSAIDs and the 2nd-line agents). Drugs used in therapy of gout. Getting ready for the next lesson: NEW: Central neurotransmitters and sites of drug effects in CNS. Basic psychical functions. Revision: Authonomic nervous system (see spring semester). Day 2 (Tue) - 3 - PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS. Classification and terminology of psychotropics. Pharmacology of anxiolytics and hypnosedatives. Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines. Work with PC - Microlabs, antidepressants. Prescription of hypnosedatives and psychostimulants. 4 - GENERAL ANAESTHETICS. Combined and balanced anaesthesia. Signs and stages of general anaesthesia. Inhaled and injected anaesthetics - classification and characteristics. Video-programme:General anaesthesia (cz). Getting ready for the next lesson: Revision: L 1 - 4 (analgesics and antiinflammatory drugs, classification and basic characteristics of psychotropic drugs, general anaesthetics). NEW: Pathophysiology of bronchial asthma. Co-talks: Role of histamine in the organism, receptors. Therapy of anaphylactic shock. Day 3 (Wed) - REVISING TEST I (Overhead-test with subsequent discussion) Analgesics and antiinflammatory drugs, classification and basic characteristics of psychotropic drugs, general anaesthetics. 5 - H1-ANTIHISTAMINES. Co-talk: Histamine; pathophysiological role, H1- H2 - H3 receptors. Classification and clinical use of H1-antihistamines. 6 - ANTIASTHMATICS. Pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, sites and mechanisms of action of antiasthma drugs. Co-talk: Therapy of anaphylactic shock. Prescription of antitussives, expectorants, antiasthmatics. Getting ready for the next lesson: Prescription of analgesics and hypnosedatives, respiratory tract. Day 4 (Thu) - PRESCRIPTION TEST: DRUGS ACTING IN CNS, RESPIRATORY TRACT (classified). 7 - LOCAL ANAESTHETICS. Mechanism of action, classification, practical use and prescription. 8 - SURFACE-ACTIVE DRUGS. Disinfectants, antiseptics, antifungal agents, other surface-active drugs. Prescription and use of selected surface-active preparations used in dermatology. Stomatological preparations. Getting ready for the next lesson: Revision: Authonomic nervous system. NEW: Diabetes mellitus. Peptic ulcer. Day 5 (Fri) - REVISING TEST II (Overhead-test with subsequent discussion). Autonomic nervous system (revision from the autumn semester). 9 - ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS. IDDM and NIDDM, principles of treatment. Insulin and its receptors. Insulin preparations, oral antidiabetics. 10 - DRUGS USED IN ULCER DISEASE, ANTIEMETICS. Classification, mechanisms of action and clinical use of drugs in therapy of peptic ulcer and vomiting. Getting ready for the next lesson: NEW: Adrenal corticosteroids. Anticancer agents. Co-talks: Immunosuppression, immunomodulation. Day 6 (Mon) - 11 - GLUCOCORTICOIDS Natural and synthetic adrenocorticosteroids, steroid receptors, mechanism of action, pharmacological use and side effects. 12 - PHARMACOLOGY OF ANTICANCER DRUGS. IMMUNOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES. Classification, mechanisms of action, clinical use of anticancer agents. Co-talks: Immunosuppression, immunomodulation. Getting ready for the next lesson: Revision: Prescriptions of local anesthetics, selected surface-active drugs, ready-made preparations. NEW: Co-talks: Narrow-spectrum and beta-lactamase resistant penicillins. Intermediate and broad-spectrum penicillins. Cephalosporins. Aminoglycosides. Macrolides, lincosamines. Chloramphenicol and tetracyclines. Antituberculous drugs. Sulphonamides and trimethoprim. Quinolones. Antiretroviral antivirotics. Antiherpetics. Day 7 (Tue) - FINAL PRESCRIPTION TEST (classified): Local anesthetics, selected surface-active drugs, ready-made preparations Theme: 13 - ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS Classification, mechanisms of action, combinations of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics. Co-talks. 14 - ANTIBACTERIAL CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS. Drugs acting in intestinal and urinary infections. Co-talks: Quinolones. Antiretroviral antivirotics. Antiherpetics. Antituberculous agents. Getting ready for the final test: Revision: L 9 - 14 (local anesthetics, glucocorticoids, anticancer drugs, therapy of diabetes and ulcer disease. Day 8 (Wed) - FINAL REVISING TEST (Overhead-test III, classified). Substitution tests. CREDITS.

Literature

Lincová, Dagmar - Farghali, Hassan a kol. Základní a aplikovaná farmakologie. 1. vydání. Praha: Galén, Karolinum, 2002. 601 s. ISBN 80-7262-168-8 (Galén), ISBN 80-246-0538-4 (Karolinum).
Hadašová, Eva - Nováková, Jana - Pistovčáková, Jana - Vinklerová, Jana - Šulcová, Alexandra - Starobová, Olga. Praktická cvičení z farmakologie. 2. vydání. Brno : Masarykova univerzita v Brně, 2003. 110 s. Skripta. ISBN 80-210-3295-2.
ZELENKOVÁ, Olga and Alexandra ŠULCOVÁ. Speciální stomatologická receptura pro praktická cvičení z farmakologie (Special stomatological prescriptions for practicals in pharmacology). 2. přepracované vydání. Brno: Masarykova univerzita v Brně, 2000, 30 pp. ISBN 80-210-2433-X. info
ŠULCOVÁ, Alexandra. Poznámky k přednáškám z farmakologie. 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1993, 97 s. ISBN 80-210-0640-4. info

Assessment methods (in Czech)

Výuka probíhá dvousemestrálně, formou přednášek (kontinuálně po celý semestr) a cvičení (blokově), vše je povinné. Ukončení - rigorózní zkouška složená ze 2 částí: I. praktická část -preskripce léků, II. teoretická část - ústní projev, student si vylosuje 1 trojotázku a písemný projev, multivýběrový test.
SYLABUS POŽADOVANÉ LÁTKY KE ZKOUŠCE Z FARMAKOLOGIE
Obecná farmakologie
Definice, Pharmacopoea, léková preskripce.
Způsoby aplikace léků, absorpce, distribuce, biotransformace, exkrece, základy farmakokinetiky.
Farmakodynamika, specifické a nespecifické mechanismy účinků léků, receptorová teorie účinků léků, vztah dávka-účinek a koncentrace-účinek, racionální a neracionální lékové kombinace.
Farmakogenetika.
Nežádoucí účinky léků, toxické vedlejší účinky, alergické reakce, sekundární vedlejší účinky, látková závislost.
Lékové interakce, farmakodynamické interakce, farmakokinetické interakce, interakce mezi složkami potravy a léky.
Vývoj nového léku, klinické pokusy.
Obecné zásady terapie otrav.
Speciální farmakologie
Psychoaktivní látky, neuroleptika, antidepresiva, trankvilizéry, psychostimulancia, nootropika, psychotomimetika, hypnosedativa, anorektika.
Analgetika. Opioidy, nenarkotická analgetika. Nesteroidní antiflogistika.
Celková a lokální anestetika.
Myorelaxancia. Antikonvulsiva, antiepileptika.
Antiparkinsonika. Antiemetika.
Ganglioplegika.
Léky ovlivňující sympatický nervový systém, přímá a nepřímá sympatomimetika, selektivní a neselektivní antagonisti adrenergních receptorů, sympatolytika.
Látky ovlivňující parasympatický nervový systém, přímá a nepřímá cholinergika, parasymaptolytika.
Hormony hypothalamu, hypofýzy, štítné žlázy, antithyreoidální látky, insulin, perorální antidiabetika, antihypoglykemika, glukokortikoidy, mineralokortikoidy, estrogeny, antiestrogeny, progestiny, hormonální antikoncepce, androgeny, antiandrogeny, anabolika, ikosanoidy, tokolytika.
Histamin, H1, H2 antihistaminika.
Krevní náhrady, hemostatika, antikoagulancia.
Hypolipidemika.
Kardiotonika, antiarytmika, antianginosní látky, antihypertensiva, diuretika, antidiuretika.
Antiastmatika, antitusika, expektorancia.
Acida a digestiva, antacida, látky snižující motilitu GIT, prokinetika, laxancia, choleretika a cholekinetika.
Kontrastní látky.
Vitamíny.
Antiinfekční látky, antibiotika, antituberkulotika, antimykotika, antimalarika, sulfonamidy, chemoterapeutika.
Imunomodulancia, imunosupresiva.
Chemoterapeutika nádorových onemocnění, blokátory mitosy, alkylační činidla, antimetabolity, ostatní cytostatika, antibiotika, hormony, radioaktivní isotopy.

Language of instruction

Czech

Further comments (probably available only in Czech)

The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: in blocks.

The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2000, Autumn 2001, Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004.

Enrolment Statistics (recent)
Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/autumn2005/STFA072

LF:STFA072 Pharmacology - Course Information

STFA072 Pharmacology

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