EMBC0321s Biochemistry I - seminar

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2023
Extent and Intensity
0/4/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Jana Gregorová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (assistant)
MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (assistant)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Peš, Ph.D. (assistant)
Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (assistant)
Mgr. Jindra Smutná, Ph.D. (assistant)
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (assistant)
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (assistant)
Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D.
Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Mon 18. 9. to Fri 15. 12. Mon 8:00–9:40 A16/213, Wed 20. 9. to Fri 15. 12. Wed 9:00–10:40 B11/327
Prerequisites (in Czech)
EMLC0111p Medical Chemistry - lecture && EMBI0222s Biologie II - seminář || EMBI0222p Biology II - lecture
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The aim of the course is to practice basic metabolic processes and pathways occurring at the cellular level.
Understanding these processes is the basis for understanding metabolism at the tissue and organ level, which is studied in the follow-up course Biochemistry II.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course, students will:
- understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
- discuss the properties and function of enzymes
- describe basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism and their relationships.
- understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
- explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level, and the transport processes on the membrane.
- describe protein synthesis, starting with replication, transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
- explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
- discuss the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
Syllabus
  • Introduction to biochemistry. Electrolytes, ion activity, osmolarity, osmolality, tonicity, oncotic pressure.
  • Acido-base reactions, weak acids/bases. Buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Properties of organic compounds (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids and their derivatives).
  • Introduction to bioenergetics, Gibbs energy. High-energy compounds. Redox reaction.
  • Enzymes – activity, enzyme kinetics, enzyme kinetic parameters, enzyme inhibition.
  • Enzyme cofactors – basic features of structure, function, and relationship to vitamins.
  • Citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Structure and properties of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates in nutrition. Carbohydrate digestion. Glucose transport into cells.
  • Glycolysis. Gluconeogenesis.
  • Glycogen metabolism. Metabolism of fructose and galactose.
  • Structure and properties of lipids. Surfactants. Cell membranes, membrane transport.
  • Lipids in nutrition. Digestion of lipids. Lipids in nutrition. Breakdown of fatty acids. Metabolism of ketone bodies.
  • Synthesis, elongation and desaturation of fatty acids.
  • Cholesterol metabolism. Bile acid metabolism.
  • Metabolism of triacylglycerols, phospholipids.
  • Lipid peroxidation. Eicosanoids. Lipophilic vitamins. Reactive oxygen species.
  • Structure and function of hemoglobin
  • Structure and properties of amino acids, peptides, proteins. Protein digestion. Overview of protein metabolism.
  • General features of conversion and amino acids. Urea synthesis.
  • Catabolism of amino acids. Synthesis of non-essential amino acids, reversible transformations.
  • Conversions of amino acids into specialized products. Heme synthesis.
  • Structure and significance of bases/nucleotides. Uric acid. Common features of nucleotide biosynthesis.
  • Metabolism of purine/pyrimidine nucleotides. The importance of tetrahydrofolate and vitamin B12.
  • Structure of DNA, RNA, replication, transcription, protein synthesis, post-translational modification of proteins.
Literature
    required literature
  • Interaktivní osnova v IS MUNI.
  • MURRAY, Robert K., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY, Victor W. RODWELL and P. Anthony WEIL. Harperova ilustrovaná biochemie. Translated by Bohuslav Matouš. Páté české vydání, prv. Praha: Galén, 2012, xii, 730. ISBN 9788072629077. info
  • TOMANDL, Josef, Jiří DOSTÁL, Hana PAULOVÁ and Eva TÁBORSKÁ. Základy lékařské chemie a biochemie (Fundamentals of medical chemistry and biochemistry). 5. dotisk 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2023, 212 pp. ISBN 978-80-210-6973-2. info
    recommended literature
  • LIEBERMAN, Michael and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 5th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2018, xii, 1051. ISBN 9781496387721. info
Teaching methods
Active practicing and discussion.
Assessment methods
Credit. Conditions for giving the course-unit credit:
1) completion of all seminars and 2) completion of in-term tests.
Failure to meet the requirements of in-term tests requires a resit test, which may be repeated only once. All absences must be made up before a resit test.
Detailed conditions are published in Study materials posted under the course/Interactive Syllabus.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 60.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2023, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/autumn2023/EMBC0321s