EMHE0322c Histology and Embryology II - practice

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2024
Extent and Intensity
0/3/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
In-person direct teaching
Teacher(s)
doc. MVDr. Martin Anger, CSc. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Ivana Baltasová (seminar tutor)
doc. MVDr. Aleš Hampl, CSc. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Hana Kotasová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MVDr. Lenka Lišková (seminar tutor)
MVDr. Anna Mac Gillavry Danylevska, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Eva Mecová (seminar tutor)
doc. RNDr. Petr Vaňhara, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
doc. MVDr. Aleš Hampl, CSc.
Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Supplier department: Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Mon 16. 9. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 23. 9. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 30. 9. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 7. 10. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 14. 10. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 21. 10. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 4. 11. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 11. 11. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 18. 11. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 25. 11. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 2. 12. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122, Mon 9. 12. 10:00–12:30 F01B1/122
Prerequisites (in Czech)
EMHE0221p Histologie a embryologie I - přednáška && EMHE0221c Histologie a embryologie I - cvičení && EMBI0222p Biology II - lecture || EMBI0222s Biologie II - seminář
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
At the end of this course the student will be able to: Explain the procedure of tissue processing for light and electron microscopy; Understand the structure of the cell, understand the basic principles and functions of connective tissues, basic characteristics of epithelial tissue, differences in the structure of different types of muscle tissue, describe the structure and function of nervous tissue; identify individual tissues in histological sections; describe the microscopic structure of some organs of the human body and explain the interrelationships between tissues within organs; orientate themselves in histological specimens and identify individual structures in them; describe the development of gametes and explain the principle of meiosis and the regulation of gametogenesis; correctly describe the early development of the embryo and explain the development and significance of accessory embryonic structures; characterise the different periods of embryonic development
Learning outcomes
At the end of this course the student will be able to:
- Explain the process of tissue processing for light and electron microscopy;
- understand the structure of the cell,
- understand the basic structural principles and functions of connective tissues, basic characteristics of epithelial tissue, differences in the structure of different types of muscle tissue,
- describe the structure and function of nervous tissue;
- identify individual tissues in  histological sections;
- describe the microscopic structure of some organs of the human body and explain the interrelationships between tissues within organs;
- to orientate themselves in  histological preparations and identify individual structures in them;
- describe the development of gametes and explain the principle of meiosis and the regulation of gametogenesis;
- correctly describe early embryonic development and explain the development and significance of accessory embryonic structures;
- characterize the different periods of embryonic development.
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction to practical exercises, study aids. Overview of histological examination methods Basic stages of preparation of cells and tissues for imaging in light and electron microscope (with the use of video recording). Basics of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
  • 2. Cytology. Ultrastructure of cell organelles I (mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes). Aids: EM atlas
  • 3. Ultrastructure of cell organelles II (peroxisomes, centrioles). Cellular inclusions. Modifications of cell surfaces and intercellular junctions. Aids.
  • 4. Embryology I. Interactive review of the basics of early human development. Placentation and placental division. Development of the placenta in  man. Structure and function of the human placenta. Development of the umbilical cord. Anomalies of the placenta and umbilical cord. Aids: set of embryological diagrams I.
  • 5. Embryology II. Uterus and pregnancy. Hasse's rule. Physiological position of the fetus in the uterus (position, posture, holding and urging of the fetus). Birth. Signs of a mature fetus. Multiple pregnancies - arrangement of fetal membranes. Prenatal diagnosis and medicine. Basics of teratology. Critical periods of development. Overview of teratogens. Aids: embryological chart set II
  • 6. General histology. Principles of correct microscopy, most common errors. Demonstration of the results of staining structures using basic methods [hematoxylin-eosin (HE), hematoxylin-eosin-saphran (HEŠ), azocarmine-aniline blue-orange G (azan)]. Connective tissue I - overview of connective tissues. Preparations: funiculus umbilicalis, oesophagus, posterior segment of the eye, lien, aorta.
  • 7. Connective tissue II - hyaline and elastic cartilage. Bone tissue and its histogenesis (ossification). Primary and secondary ossification. Remodelling of bone tissue, healing of fractures. Preparations: trachea, auricula, elastic cartilage, lamellar bone, chondrogenic ossification. EM atlas.
  • 8. Epithelial tissue - superficial (covering) epithelia. Preparations: renum, vesica fellea, trachea, oesophagus, ureter, palpebra,
  • 9. Glandular epithelium. Preparations: intestinum tenue, gl. parotis, gl. submandibularis. EM atlas.
  • 10. Nervous tissue. Preparations: cortex cerebri, cerebellum, medulla spinalis, ganglion, peripheral nerve, motor disc. EM atlas
  • 11. Muscle tissue. Preparations: apex linguae, intestinum crassum, myocardium (HE and Heidenhein). EM atlas. Tissue repetition.
  • 12. Composition of peripheral blood. Preparation and staining of blood smears. Cytomorphology of red and white blood cells. Differential white blood count and evaluation of deviations from the norm. Platelets. Aids: smear of human peripheral blood, EM atlas. Blood formation (haemopoiesis) - presentation. Credits.
Literature
    recommended literature
  • VAŇHARA, Petr, Miroslava SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Irena LAUSCHOVÁ, Svatopluk ČECH and Aleš HAMPL. Guide to General Histology and Microscopic Anatomy. 1. dotisk 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2018. ISBN 978-80-210-8453-7. info
  • VAŇHARA, Petr, Miroslava SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Irena LAUSCHOVÁ, Jana DUMKOVÁ, Veronika SEDLÁKOVÁ, Svatopluk ČECH and Aleš HAMPL. Histologický atlas LF MU. 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2018. Elportál. ISBN 978-80-210-9068-2. url PURL html info
  • ČECH, Svatopluk, Drahomír HORKÝ, Irena LAUSCHOVÁ, Miroslava SEDLÁČKOVÁ and Jitka ŠŤASTNÁ. Histologická praktika a metody vyšetřování tkání a orgánů (Histological practicals and methods of investigation of tissues and organs). 1.dotisk 1. vydání. Brno: Vydavatelství MU Brno-Kraví hora, 2002, 162 pp. ISBN 80-210-1774-0. info
Teaching methods
Teaching takes place in the microscopy room in the form of controlled study of histological specimens and electron microscopic images. Students can use electronic teaching texts on the Institute's website http://www.med.muni.cz/histology/education to prepare for practical exercises.
Assessment methods
A detailed description of the course and evaluation of practical exercises can be found on the Institute's website (http://www.med.muni.cz/histology/education) under Provision of the Head of the department on the rules and conditions applicable for practical training and for examining in histology and embryology/cz. Continuous checking of knowledge is carried out in the form of tests. Each student takes 4 subtests during the semester. The tests are evaluated by awarding a point for a correct answer and a majority of correct answers (points) is evaluated by passing "P" . If the student fails, the result is a failing grade "N" and in that case only 1 correction is possible. One of the conditions for getting credit is the necessity to pass all the P tests, i.e. one must pass the P tests 4 times out of 4 tests or with one correction 4 times out of  5 tests. If the student fails to meet this condition, he/she follows in the same. examination period, a remedial credit test covering the entire semester will be given, and if the student fails the remedial test, credit will not be awarded. Conditions for awarding credit: 1. Completion of all practicals (100% attendance, all absences must be properly excused (IS) and made up). 2. successful completion of all tests (partial, possibly 1 make-up or credit test). 3. Submission of all protocols for credit (properly completed protocol forms, signed by the instructor).
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.
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