PřF:Bi7270 Plant Anatomy II. - Course Information

Bi7270 Plant Cytology and Anatomy for Advanced Students

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

RNDr. Jaroslava Dubová, CSc. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

RNDr. Jaroslava Dubová, CSc.
Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: Věra Faronová

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• General Biology (programme PřF, M-BI, specialization Plant Physiology)
• General Biology (programme PřF, N-BI, specialization Plant Physiology)

Course objectives

At the end of this course, students should be able to:
describe development and structure of plant generative organs, formation of gametes, structural aspects of the pollination and fertilization process, embryo and endosperm formation;
utilize various methods of light microscopy (dark field, Nomarski DIC, fluorescence microscopy) as well as different techniques of microscopic preparations, even for scanning electron microscopy.

Syllabus

• Development of Light Microscope Construction and Function: Bright Field, Köhler Illumination and Ten Commandments in Light Microscopy.
• Plant Life Cycles: Sporophyte, Gametophyte, Fertilization, Zygote, Embryo, Seed, Structure of Angiosperm Seeds, Seed Quiescence and Dormancy, Seed Germination and Seedling Structure.
• Cell Nucleus and its Division: Phases of the Cell Cycle, Cell Cycle Control Points, Cytoskeleton Organization during Cell Cycle, Nuclear Staining, Rapid Cytological Methods (Lacto-Propionic Orcein, Cajal-Brožek Method), Pre-treatment, Classification of Meristems.
• Primary Meristems: Stem Apical Meristem (Structure, Stem Cells, Vegetative Meristem, Leaf Primordia, Leaf Meristems, Differentiation of Leaf Tissue), Flowering Initiation, Generative Meristem; Root Meristem.
• Megasporogenesis and Megagametogenesis: Gynoecium, Pistil Development and Structure, Structure of Angiosperm Ovule, Meiosis, Tetrads of Megaspores, Embryo Sac Development, Types of Embryo Sac, Whole Mounts of Cleared Ovules and Seeds, Nomarski DIC.
• Microsporogenesis and Microgametogenesis: Androecium: Stamen, Anther Structure and Development, Meiosis, Tetrads of Microspores, Pollen Grain Development and Maturation, Pollen Wall Structure, Pollen Grain Viability.
• Pollen Grain Germination in situ and in vitro: Incompatibility, Pollen Tube, Phase Contract Microscopy and Nomarski DIC.
• Pollination and Fertilization: Sporophyte Gametophyte Interactions, Growth of Pollen Tubes and Fluorescence Microscopy, Decolourised Aniline Blue, Callose staining, Callose Plugs, Sperm Cell Formation, Double Fertilization in Angiosperms, Apomixis.
• Embryo and Endosperm Development, Embryogenetic Types, Types of Endosperm Development.
• Histological Techniques in Plant Embryology I.: Fixation and Fixatives and their Mixtures.
• Histological Techniques in Plant Embryology II: Dehydration, Infiltration and Embedding, Microtome Types, Sectioning, Adhesion of Sections.
• Histological Techniques in Plant Embryology II: Dyes and Staining, Embedding of Sections.
• Cryostat Techniques in Embryology: Fixation, Cryoprotection and Cryosections, Enzyme Histochemistry.
• Documentation: Photomicrography, Video, and Distance Measurements.

Literature

recommended literature
• VINTER, Vladimír. Rostliny pod mikroskopem. 2nd ed. Olomouc, 2009, 200 pp. ISBN 978-80-244-2223-7. info
• ERDELSKÁ, Olga. Embryológia krytosemenných rastlín (Angiosperm embryology). Bratislava: Veda, 1981, 200 pp. ISBN 71-020-81. info
• NĚMEC, Bohumil and A KOL. Botanická mikrotechnika (Plant Microtechnique). Praha: ČSAV, 1962, 484 pp. ISBN 21-103-62. info
• PAZOUREK, Jaroslav and Olga VOTRUBOVÁ. Atlas of plant anatomy. Prague: PERES Publishers, 1997, 447 s. ISBN 80-901691-2-0. info
• ESAU, Katherine. Anatomy of seed plants. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1977, xx, 550. ISBN 0471245208. info
• RAGHAVAN, V. Developmental biology of flowering plants. New York: Springer Verlag, 1999, xxii, 354. ISBN 0387987819. info
• RAGHAVAN, Valayamghat. Molecular embryology of flowering plants. 1st pub. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997, xxi, 690 s. ISBN 0-521-55246-X. info
• BRAUNE, Wolfram, Alfred LEMAN and Hans TAUBERT. Pflanzenanatomisches Praktikum I (Plant Anatomy Practice I). 4.Ed. Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1983, 279 pp. ISBN 261 700-38-83. info
• BRAUNE, Wolfram, Alfred LEMAN and Hans TAUBERT. Pflanzenanatomisches Praktikum II (Plant Anatomy Practice II). 2nd ed. Jena: VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1982, 426 pp. ISBN 261 700-36-82. info
• FOSKET, Donald E. Plant growth and development : a molecular approach. San Diego: Academic Press, 1994, xix, 580 s. ISBN 0-12-262430-0. info
• PAZOURKOVÁ, Zdeňka. Botanická mikrotechnika. 1. vyd. Praha: Univerzita Karlova, 1982, 166 s. info
• Staining procedures. Edited by George Clark. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1981, xi, 512 s. ISBN 0-683-01707-1. info
• KIERNAN, J. Histological and histochemical methods: Theory and practise. 1.Ed. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1981, 344 pp. info
• Histochemistry :theoretical and applied. Edited by Peter J. Stoward - A. G. Everson Pearse. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1991, xiv, 728 s. ISBN 0-443-02996-2. info
• HAWES, Chris and Béatrice SATIAT-JEUNEMAITRE. Plant Cell Biology. Oxford: University Press, 2001, 338 pp. Practical Approach. ISBN 0-19-963865-9. info

Teaching methods

Lectures

Assessment methods

Oral examination

Language of instruction

Czech

Further Comments

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.

Listed among pre-requisites of other courses

• Bi7270c Plant Embryology - Practice
  NOW(Bi7270)  

• Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2009, recent)
  
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