aZLFA0722p Farmakologie II - přednáška

Lékařská fakulta
podzim 2019
Rozsah
1/0/0. 15. 3 kr. Ukončení: zk.
Vyučující
doc. MUDr. Regina Demlová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
doc. PharmDr. Jan Juřica, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Mgr. Petra Amchová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
doc. RNDr. Ladislava Bartošová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Lea Janáková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Mgr. Jana Kubátová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
doc. Mgr. MVDr. Leoš Landa, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Jana Nováková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Jana Pistovčáková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
PharmDr. Jitka Rychlíčková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Mgr. Barbora Říhová, Ph.D. (přednášející)
PharmDr. Lenka Součková, Ph.D. (přednášející)
prof. MUDr. Dalibor Valík, Ph.D., DABCC (přednášející)
prof. RNDr. Lenka Zdražilová Dubská, Ph.D. (přednášející)
doc. PharmDr. Ondřej Zendulka, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Renata Bláblová (pomocník)
Mgr. Kateřina Nebeská (náhr. zkoušející)
Mgr. Kristýna Nosková, Ph.D. (náhr. zkoušející)
Květoslava Sedlářová (náhr. zkoušející)
Garance
doc. MUDr. Regina Demlová, Ph.D.
Farmakologický ústav – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: doc. Mgr. MVDr. Leoš Landa, Ph.D.
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Farmakologický ústav – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Rozvrh
Čt 3. 10. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327, Čt 10. 10. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327, Čt 17. 10. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327, Čt 24. 10. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327, Čt 31. 10. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327, Čt 7. 11. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327, Čt 14. 11. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327, Čt 21. 11. 18:00–19:40 F01B1/327
Předpoklady
aZLFA0621c Farmakologie I - cvičení && aZLPA0622c Patologie II - cvičení && aZLPF0622c Patol. fyziologie II -cvičení && aZLOR0641c Ortodoncie I - cvičení && aZLPD0631c Parodontologie I - cvičení
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
At the end of the course students are able to understand main pharmacological mechanisms of drug actions leading to therapeutic, adverse and toxic effects of drugs and eventually their combinations. They will be able to recognize main drug classes and pharmacological profiles of representative drugs from groups of drugs selected in the curriculum.
Výstupy z učení
Students are able to understand main pharmacological mechanisms of drug actions leading to therapeutic, adverse and toxic effects of drugs and eventually their combinations. They will be able to recognize main drug classes and pharmacological profiles of representative drugs from groups of drugs selected in the curriculum with the special attention paid to preparations used in dentistry.
Osnova
  • Lectures - Autumn semester 2019
  • 1. Antihypertensives. Diuretics, antiadrenergics, vasodilators, combinative pharmacotherapy.
  • 2. Pharmacotherapy of ischemic heart disease. Pharmacotherapy of angina pectoris (nitrates, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers).
  • 3. Pharmacotherapy of acute and chronic heart failure. Inotropic drugs (digitalis, amrinone, dobutamine).
  • 4. Introduction to psychopharmacology. Antipsychotics - mechanisms of action, side effects.
  • 5. Drug addiction. Types of drug addiction. Mechanisms, side effects, possibilities of therapy.
  • 6. Principles of biological therapy, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, use in the treatment of selected diseases.
  • 7. Basic principles of immunotherapy, side effects.
  • 8. Antimycotics, mechanism of action, main indications and adverse effects.
Literatura
    povinná literatura
  • RANG, H. P., James RITTER, R. J. FLOWER a Graeme HENDERSON. Rang & Dale's pharmacology. Eighth edition. [Edinburgh]: Churchill Livingstone, 2016, xv, 760. ISBN 9780702053627. info
    neurčeno
  • Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews : Pharmacology, 4th Ed., Harvey, Richard A. - Champe, Pamela C. - Finkel, Richard - Cubeddu, Luigi - Clarke, Michelle A. 2008. 560 s. ISBN-10: 0-7817-7155-2, ISBN-13: 978-0-7817-7155-9
  • WHALEN, Karen. Pharmacology. Edited by Richard Finkel - Thomas A. Panavelil. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015, xi, 664. ISBN 9781451191776. info
  • Ritter, James M. - Lewis, Lionel D. - Mant, Timothy G.K. - Ferro, Albert. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 5th Ed., Hodder Arnold, 2008. 465 s. ISBN 978-0-340-90046-8
  • Pharmaceutical Practice. Winfield, A.J. & Richards, R.M.E., eds. Churchill Livingstone. , 3rd Ed. 2004. ISBN 0443 07206 X
Záložky
https://is.muni.cz/ln/tag/LF:aZLFA0722p!
Výukové metody
According to schedule given students are expected to attend lectures read by habilitated pharmacology teacher.
Metody hodnocení
The final exam is guided by the entrance test (the answers to multiple-choice questions, the test contains 30 questions randomly generated for individual student ). In case of successful completion of the entrance test the exam continues by oral examination (three randomly selected questions corresponding with Syllabus (general pharmacological principles, drug classes, question of detailed knowledge).
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Informace učitele
Information for students:

In the Final Exam students are asked to pass the ROPOT test. In the oral part of the exam students are asked to answer three randomly chosen questions dealing with the topics listed in synopses: Pharmacology I Lectures, Pharmacology I Practicals, Pharmacology II Lectures, Pharmacology II Practicals.


EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS DEALING WITH DRUG PRESCRIPTION:

Prescribe:
Narrow-spectrum penicillin (ready-made)
Prescribe:
Aminoglycoside preparation (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Oral analgesic preparation containing paracetamol (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Spasmolytic drug (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Non-barbiturate hypnotic drug (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Drug for treatment of hypertension (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Antirheumatic agent (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Antiemetic drug (ready-made)

Prescribe: Antitussive agent (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Ointment with corticosteroid (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Chemotherapeutic preparation against urinary infections (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Ointment with corticosteroid (ready-made)


Anti-inflammatory oral preparation (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Proton pump inhibitor for treatment of peptic ulcer disease(ready-made)

Prescribe: Non-salicylate antipyretic preparation (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Short-acting benzodiazepine hypnotic (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Antibiotic ointment (ready-made)

Prescribe:
Cardiac glycoside in injections (ready-made)

EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS ON GENERAL PHARMACOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES:

 Routes of administration - overview, characteristics
Basic pharmacokinetic parameters and processes (overview)
Drug absorption, "first pass" effect
Biovailability of drugs
Drug distribution, volume of distribution
Drug elimination
Drug biotransformation, phases of biotransformation
Effect of environment pH and pKa of drugs on the drug transfer across biological membranes
Enzyme inhibition and induction
Drug excretion
Pharmacokinetics of single, repeated and continous drug administration
Pharmacokinetics of drug oral and parenteral administration
Drug dosage forms - overview and influence on pharmacokinetics
Therapeutic drug monitoring
Dose and effect, types of doses
Pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenetic polymorphism
Mechanisms of drug action - overview, non specific mechanisms of drug action
Specific mechanisms of drug action - the target structures, on which the drug act
Adverse drug reactions (types, categories)
Drug receptors theory - types of receptors
Tolerance, tachyphylaxis
Drug addiction
Therapeutic index, therapeutic range
Influence of concomitant diseases on drug effect, polypragmasia
Drug allergy (hypersensitivity), idiosyncrasy
Drug interactions- overview, pharmacokinetic interactions
Drug interactions- overview, pharmacodynamic interactions
Factors influencing the drug effect (related to drug, related to organism)
Pharmacoterapy in pregnancy, drug teratogenicity
Pharmacotherapy in breastfeeding women, in pediatric population
Pharmacoterapy in elderly
Pharmacology, sub-branches, origin of drugs, drug names
Pharmacopoeia
Rational pharmacotherapy, drug anamnesis, compliance
Development of a new drug (Drug life cycle)
Preclinical and clinical evaluation of drugs
Pharmacovigilance
General principles of drug poisoning therapy, specific antidotes and their mechanisms of action
Principles of biological therapy - technology, requirements on the quality, registration, biosimilars



EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS ON "DRUG CLASSES":

Antimycotics
Antivirotics
Drugs with the topic action used in stomatology - overview
Antiinfective drugs used in stomatology
Disinfectants and antiseptics
Drugs with the topic action - dermatologics, drugs used in ORL
Principles of antibiotic therapy - overview, mechanisms of action, resistance
Antibiotics for topic use
Penicillines
Cephalosporins and other beta-lactams
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
Sulphonamides
Tetracyclines
Quinolones and nitroimidazoles
Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs + Analgesics - antipyretics
Drugs used in gout
General anaesthetics
Premedications and supplement general anaesthesia, analgosedation, neuroleptanalgesia
Central and peripheral myorelaxants
Ester-type local anaesthetics
Amide-type local anaesthetics
Types and techniques of local anaesthesia
Pharmacoterapy of anaphylactic shock
Antitussives, expectorants
Hypolipidemics, lipid-lowering drugs
Drugs used in heart failure
Histamine H1-blockers
Antiasthmatics
Antihypertensives - overview + ACE inhibitors, sartans, renine antagonists
Antihypertensives - overview + diuretics, alpha1-lytics
Antihypertensives - overview + beta-blockers, central antihypertensives
Antiulcer drugs
Laxatives, antidiarrhoics
Antiemetics, prokinetics
Spasmolytics, digestives
Vitamins AEDK
Hydrophilic vitamins
Psychopharmacs - overview, classification
Hypnosedatives
Antiepileptic drugs
Antipsychotics
Anxiolytics
Antidepressants
Nootropics, drugs affecting cognitive functions
Psychostimulants, hallucinogenic and delirogenic drugs
Antidysrhytmics
Cardiotonics, inotropic drugs
Alkylating cytostatics and other impacts of DNA
Antimetabolites + hormonal therapy in oncology
Bilogical treatment in oncology
Glucocorticoids
Thyroid + anti-thyroid drugs
Drugs used in osteoporosis
Sex hormones - HRT, contraceptives
Uterotonics, tocolytics
Insulins
Antidiabetics for the treatment of type 2 DM
Anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs
Antithrombotics, trombolytics
Opioid analgesics
Drugs causing addiction and pharmacological possibilities of addiction treatment
Drugs affecting ANS - neurotransmission, receptors of ANS, basic overview
Sympathomimetic agents - basic effects and classification - direct sympathomimetics
Sympathomimetic agents - basic effects and classification - indirect sympathomimetics
Sympatholytic agents - basic effects and classification - direct sympatholytics
Sympatholytic agents - basic effects and classification - indirect sympatholytics
Cholinomimetic agents - basic effects and classification - direct cholinomimetics
Cholinomimetic agents - basic effects and classification - indirect cholinomimetics
Cholinolytic agents - basic effects and classification - direct cholinolytics (parasympatholytics, ganglioplegics)


LIST OF GENERIC NAMES –„ESSENTIAL DRUGS“:
pantoprazole
famotidine
atropine
butylscopolamine
fenpiverine, pitofenone
metoclopramide
ondansetron
lactulose
insulin lispro
metformin
glibenclamide
warfarin
enoxaparin
acetylsalicylic acid
digoxin
propafenone
amiodarone
epinephrine
norepinephrine
dopamine
ephedrine, pseudoephedrine
nitroglycerin
methyldopa
clonidine
urapidil
hydrochlorothiazide
furosemide
metoprolol
labetalol
nifedipine
verapamil
enalapril
losartan
atorvastatin
ezetimibe
nystatin
ketoconazole
methylergometrine
hexoprenaline
alfuzosin
oxytocin
dexamethasone
prednisone
doxycycline, chloramphenicol
amoxicillin
phenoxymethylpenicillin
oxacillin
piperacillin, co-piperacillin
cefuroxime
cotrimoxazole
clarithromycin
gentamicin
ciprofloxacin
fluconazole
aciclovir
zidovudine
cyclophosphamide
methotrexate
6-mercaptopurine
5-fluorouracil
paclitaxel
doxorubicin
cisplatin
trastuzumab
tamoxifen
interferon alpha
ibuprofen
diclofenac
indomethacin
nimesulide
suxamethonium
allopurinol
alendronic acid
lidocaine
procaine
trimecaine
articaine
sevoflurane
thiopental
propofol
dihydrocodeine
sufentanil
piritramide
tramadol
paracetamol (acetaminophen)
metamizole
sumatriptan
valproic acid
gabapentin
haloperidol
risperidone
olanzapine
lithium
diazepam
alprazolam
zolpidem
midazolam
escitalopram
amitriptyline
bupropion
methylphenidate
donepezil
physostigmine
methadone
buprenorphine
betahistine
oxymetazoline, xylometazoline
phenylephrine
salbutamol
fenoterol
ipratropium bromide
nedocromil
acetylcysteine
bromhexine
codeine
butamirate
bisulepine
cetirizine
desloratadine
pilocarpine
timolol
tropicamide
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