LF:aVLPA0521c Pathology I - practice

aVLPA0521c Pathology I - practice

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2021

Extent and Intensity

0/4/0. 5 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).

Teacher(s)

Guaranteed by

doc. MUDr. Leoš Křen, Ph.D.
Department of Pathology – Joint workplaces with the University Hospital Brno - workplaces of the Bohunice and Mater. Hospital – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D.
Supplier department: First Department of Pathology – Institutions shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital – Faculty of Medicine (43,00 %), Department of Pathology – Joint workplaces with the University Hospital Brno - workplaces of the Bohunice and Mater. Hospital – Faculty of Medicine (57,00 %)

Timetable of Seminar Groups

aVLPA0521c/30: Mon 8:00–11:20 ÚP P01013
aVLPA0521c/31: Mon 12:00–15:20 PatÚI N01007
aVLPA0521c/32: Wed 8:00–11:20 ÚP P01013
aVLPA0521c/33: Tue 8:00–11:20 ÚP P01013
aVLPA0521c/34: Thu 8:00–11:20 ÚP P01013
aVLPA0521c/35: Wed 12:00–15:20 PatÚI N01007
aVLPA0521c/36: Mon 8:00–11:20 PatÚI N01007
aVLPA0521c/37: Mon 12:00–15:20 PatÚI N01007

Prerequisites (in Czech)

( aVLAN0222p Anatomy II - lec. || VSAN0333p Anatomy III - lec. ) && ( aVLHE0322p Histology and embryology II -l || VSHE0322p Histology and embryology II -l ) && ( aVLLM0421c Med.Microbiol. I - prac. || VLLM0421c Med.Microbiol. )&& aVLBC0422c Biochemistry II - pr. && aVLBC0422s Biochemistry II - sem && aVLFY0422c Physiology II - practice && aVLFY0422s Physiology II - seminar

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

General Medicine (programme LF, M-GM)
General Medicine (eng.) (programme LF, M-VL)

Course objectives

The main stress in the pathology course is given on macroscopic and microscopic correlation of diseases. After finishing the course the student should be able to: understand the basic pathologic processes (regressive changes, inflammaton, oncology, immune disorders); understand and be able to apply the basic classification of oncologic processes; understand the basic classification of etiologically defined processes (esp. infectious diseases); learn the most important methods used in diagnostic process and research (tissue processing, special stainings, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, molecular pathology); understand various disorders with respect to individual organs and organ systems; get familiar with the process of autopsy (the process of the autopsy and its evaluation); get familiar with laboratory processing of the tissue samples (description, tissue sampling);

Learning outcomes

Student is able to:
- explain the discussed terms and concepts.
- to recognize and describe the macroscopic morphology of the basic diseases.
- to recognize and describe the microscopic morphology of the basic diseases.
- to know the etiology of the basic diseases.
- to describe the pathophysiology of the basic diseases.
- to describe the main symptoms of the basic diseases.

Syllabus

General Pathology
Pathology and its role in medicine.
Methodology: autopsy, clinico-pathological correlation, surgical pathology (biopsy), ways of tissue examination and fixation
Cytology.
The disease, its definition and course. External and internal causes of a disease. Prevention.
Death (clinical and biological). Signs of death.
Regressive changes, necrosis (classification, causes). Atrophy: numeric and simple. Dystrophy: metabolic disorders of proteins, glycids, fat, water, minerals and pigments.
Inflammation: definition, local and general sings, microscopic and macroscopic. Inflammation: classification, nomenclature. Immunity disorders, transplantation pathology.
Progressive changes. Regeneration, reparation, wound healing. Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia. Pseudotumors: cysts, pseudocysts, inflammatory pseudotumor. Disorders of embryonal development.
Tumors: definition, general properties, etiology, precanceroses. Biology of tumors: benign, malignant and uncertain tumors. Systematic classification of tumors: epithelial, mesenchymal, neuroectodermal and germinal tumors, choriocarcinoma, mesothelioma.
Organ pathology
Disorders of the heart, circulation of the blood and lymph: Congenital and acquired heart diseases, changes in size and shape of the heart. Pathological contents of the pericardium. Inflammation, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction. Circulatory failure. Hypertension. Disorders of arteries and veins: atherosclerosis, aneurysm, inflammation, anemia, polycytemia. Local circulatory disorders: thrombosis, embolism. Bleeding. Lymfadenitis. Tumors.
Respiratory disorders: Pathology of upper respiratory pathways: rhinitis, laryngitis, bronchitis. Tumors and pseudotumors. Changes in pulmonary ventilation and circulation (venostasis, edema, induration, infarction, embolism). Silicosis and other external pigmentations. Superficial, interstitial and chronic inflammations of the lung. Pulmonary tumors. Pathology of the pleura.
Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: Pathology of the oral cavity, pharynx, tonsillae and esophagus. Gastiris, peptic ulcers, gastric tumors. Pathology of the gut: disorders of circulation, inflammation. Appendicitis, malabsorption syndrome. Ileus, herniation. Intestinal tumors. Inflammation of the peritoneum, pathological contents of peritoneal cavity.

Literature

required literature

POVÝŠIL, Ctibor and Ivo ŠTEINER. Obecná patologie. 1. vyd. Praha: Galén, 2011, xiii, 290. ISBN 9788072627738. info
POVÝŠIL, Ctibor and Ivo ŠTEINER. Speciální patologie. 2nd ed. Praha: Galén, 2007. ISBN 978-80-7262-494-2. info

recommended literature

MAČÁK, Jirka, Jana MAČÁKOVÁ and Jana DVOŘÁČKOVÁ. Patologie. 2., doplněné vydání. Praha: Grada, 2012, 347 stran. ISBN 9788024735306. info

not specified

BUČEK, Jan. Praktikum z patologie :pitevní cvičení. 4. přepr. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1993, 88 s. ISBN 80-210-0721-4. info
FEIT, Josef, P. MIŘEJOVSKÝ and I. STEINER. Kontrolní otázky z patologie (Test question in pathology). 1st ed. Praha: Triton, 1998. ISBN 80-85875-89-6. info

Teaching methods

Pathology course consists of lectures and practical classes. Teaching consists of theoretical part (lectures) and practical part (laboratory practice). Practical courses consist of histological practice (microscopical and macroscopical images of autoptical and bioptical specimens are demonstrated and discussed) and autoptical practice (presence and ev. participation in autopsies). Hypertext teaching materials for the students are available in our teaching rooms as well in the Internet. These materials contain about 3000 images of various imaging methods (macroscopic, x-ray, CT, MRI images, histological images, partially available as virtual slides, videos). Lectures and practicals are complementary. General information and new updates on classifications as well as images are presented at the lectures. Practicals add further information, histopathologicaly and autoptical experience. Further information is provided in our web-based teaching materials. Various forms of testing is used to give the students proper feedback. Students are supposed to prepare for each practical lesson. The topic for each practical lesson as well as for each lecture is available.

Assessment methods

Lectures: 3 hours/week Practical classes: 4 hours/week; microscopic and autoptic lessons. The course of pathology is closed by oral exam. Attendance is compulsory; knowledge of the students is periodically tested during the practical classes. Testing can be either oral or written (multichoice tests, essay). Exam after two semesters of pathology has two parts: practical and theoretical. Practical part of the exam takes the form of a discussion over the microscop or over macroscopical or microscopical images. In theoretical part of the exam the students discuss after short preparation randomly selected topics. The list of these topics is available to the students in advance.

Language of instruction

English

Further comments (probably available only in Czech)

Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 60.

Listed among pre-requisites of other courses

Teacher's information

http://www.muni.cz/atlases

The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2022, autumn 2023, autumn 2024.

Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2021, recent)
Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/autumn2021/aVLPA0521c

LF:aVLPA0521c Pathology I - practice - Course Information

aVLPA0521c Pathology I - practice

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