PřF:G3021k Petrography - Course Information
G3021k Petrography
Faculty of ScienceSpring 2024
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2/0. 6 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
- Teacher(s)
- prof. RNDr. Jaromír Leichmann, Dr. rer. nat. (lecturer)
Mgr. Tomáš Kumpan, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. David Buriánek, Ph.D. (lecturer) - Guaranteed by
- prof. RNDr. Jaromír Leichmann, Dr. rer. nat.
Department of Geological Sciences – Earth Sciences Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: Ing. Jana Pechmannová
Supplier department: Department of Geological Sciences – Earth Sciences Section – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Fri 8. 3. 12:00–15:00 G1,01004, Fri 3. 5. 9:00–16:00 G1,01004, Fri 17. 5. 9:00–10:00 G1,01004
- Prerequisites
- ! G3021 Petrography
Basic knowledge of mineralogy - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 15 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- The aim of the course is to acquaint the student with the overview of the basic groups of rocks. This knowledge is necessary for successful managing of related subjects of bachelor study.
- Learning outcomes
- At the end of this course, students should be able to characterize basic groups of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
- Syllabus
- Introduction, tasks and methods of petrological work, petrology vs. petrography, experimental petrology, applied petrography - petrography of technical substances, technical petrography and geology. Short overview of principal historic moments in the evolution of igneous petrology. The formation of magmatic rocks in the crust and mantle, physical properties of the magma, geotectonic position of igneous rocks. Temperature and pressures of the formation of igneous rocks, measurement of magma temperature. Composition, origin, and conditions of magma creation. Viscosity, diffusion, formation of crystals in the melt, degasification of the magma and causes of ebullience.
- Differentiation and crystallisation of magma - homogenous, heterogeneous. Physico-chemical conditions of formation and ascent of igneous rocks. Rock-forming minerals of igneous rocks, their formation, division, and importance for genetic conclusions. Temperatures and pressures of the formation of rock-forming minerals: petrogenetic significance of minerals, lattice parameters as a source of information on conditions of mineral formation in rocks, colour of minerals as a source of information of mineral formation in rocks, temporal relations of mineral formation in rocks. Structures and microstructures of igneous rocks, their genetic importance. Chemical composition of igneous rocks, relation between chemical and mineral composition. Causes of differences in the composition of igneous rocks, significance of feldspars, quartz, and foids for classification of igneous rocks. Classification of igneous rocks. Geochemical criteria for distinction of igneous rocks. The rate of igneous rock formation. Criteria of tectogenesis and tectonic position of igneous and effusive rocks. The formation of ultrabasic, basic, intermediate and acidic magma, magma ascent, differentiation, crystallisation of artificial melts. Assimilation, magma mixing, xenoliths.
- Systematic and regional petrography: Plutonic rocks: granite, granidiorite, syenite, tonalite, diorite, gabbro, peridotites, alkaline rock . Volcanic rocks: rhyolite, basalts, andesitey, phonolite, tephrite, basanite, volcanic glass, tuffs Introduction to study of sedimentary rocks - Sedimentology - historical evolution. Sedimentary petrology - basis, aims and orientation. Significance of sedimentary rocks. Main sources of sedimentary material. Relationship of sedimentary rocks to other rocks, sedimentary cycle. Comparison of magmatic and sedimentary materials. Occurrence and main types of sedimentary rocks. Methods of sedimentary petrology. Field research (terrain observation, rock description, litological study, geological mapping, sampling, measuring of boulder orientation). Laboratory research (granulometry, study of sedimentary rocks in thin sections, mineralogical analysis, determination of insoluble part of sample, cathode luminescence, fluorescent microscopy, X-ray methods, temperature analysis, infrared spectroscopy, chemical analysis, study of physical properties of sediments). Result processing (grain scales, granularity analysis, statistical data, graphical presentation).
- Characterization and occurrence of rock-forming minerals in main types of sedimentary rocks. Textures and structures of sedimentary rocks - summary of primary types.
- The origin of sedimentary rocks (Weathering. Transport, Sedimentation, Diagenesis of sediments). Classification and terminology of sedimentary rocks, qualitative and quantitative classification systems. Basic types of sedimentary rocks - composition, structure and petrogenesis.
- Introduction to study of metamorphic rocks and difference betweem prograde and retrograde metamorphism. Definition of metamorphism and characteristic types of metamorphism. Factors controlling metamorphism: temperature, lithostatic stress, differential stress, fluid phases. Mineralogy and texture of metamorphic rocks. Nomenclature of metamorphic rocks. Introduction to metamorphic phase diagrams. Metamorphic field gradients and metamorphic facies.
- Literature
- recommended literature
- TUCKER, Maurice E. Sedimentary rocks in the field : a practical guide. 4th ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, xi, 275. ISBN 9780470689165. info
- Sediments, diagenesis, and sedimentary rocks. Edited by Fred T. Mackenzie. 1st ed. Boston: Elsevier, 2005, xxi, 425. ISBN 0080448496. info
- not specified
- Raymond, L.,A., The study of igneous, sedimentary and methamorphic rocks. WCB:London 1995, 742p. ISBN 0-697-00190-3
- GREGEROVÁ, Miroslava. Poznávání hornin. 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1998, 153 s. ISBN 8021018380. info
- HALL, Anthony. Igneous petrology. 2nd ed. Essex: Longman Group, 1996, xiv, 551. ISBN 0582230802. info
- GREGEROVÁ, Miroslava, Miloslav SUK and Dušan HOVORKA. Geochemie geologických procesů v litosféře. II. Metody a interpretace. (Geochemistry of the geological processes in the lithosphere. II. Methods and interpretations.). 1995th ed. Brno: Masarykova univerzita Brno, 1995, 148 pp. Učební texty přírodovědecké fakulty MU. ISBN 80-210-1270-6. info
- GREGEROVÁ, Miroslava. Návrh k pojmenování a klasifikaci metamorfovaných hornin. Edited by Miloš Suk. Praha: Gabriel, 1991, 186 s. ISBN 80-900332-6-1. info
- STANĚK, Josef and Miroslava GREGEROVÁ. Fyzikální a optické vlastnosti horninotvorných minerálů. Vyd. 1. Brno: Univerzita J.E. Purkyně, Fakulta přírodovědecká., 1984, 51 s. info
- Teaching methods
- lecture, self-study
- Assessment methods
- Lecture, written exam
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Follow-Up Courses
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually. - Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
- GI221 3D modelling in Leapfrog Geo software
G3021 || G3021k || G4101 || G4101k - G3021 Petrography
!G3021k - G3151 Recognition and description of ore-forming processes, minerals and rocks
(G1061k||G1061) && (G3021k || G3021) && ( (!(PROGRAM(B-GE)||PROGRAM(N-GE)||PROGRAM(D-GE)||PROGRAM(D-GE4)||PROGRAM(C-CV))) || (NOW(G0101)&&NOW(C7777))) - G4021 Igneous petrology
(PROGRAM(KOS)||G3021k||G3021) && ( (!(PROGRAM(B-GE)||PROGRAM(N-GE)||PROGRAM(D-GE4)||PROGRAM(D-GE)||PROGRAM(C-CV))) || (NOW(G0101)&&NOW(C7777))) - G4021k Igneous petrology
(G3021||G3021k) && ( (!(PROGRAM(B-GE)||PROGRAM(N-GE)||PROGRAM(D-GE4)||PROGRAM(D-GE)||PROGRAM(C-CV))) || (NOW(G0101)&&NOW(C7777))) - G5021 Regional geology of the CR
!G5021k && (G3021k || G3021 || NOW(G3021k) || NOW(G3021)) && (G3061k || G3061 || NOW(G3061k) || NOW(G3061)) - G5021k Regional geology of the CR
!G5021 && (G3021 || G3021k || NOW(G3021) || NOW(G3021k)) && (G3061 || G3061k || NOW(G3061) || NOW(G3061k)) - G8081 Sedimentology
Program(D-GE)||Program(N-GE)||G3021k||G3021 - G8081k Sedimentology
Program(D-GE)||Program(N-GE)||G3021k||G3021
- GI221 3D modelling in Leapfrog Geo software
- Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2024, recent)
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