aVLBC0321s Biochemistry I - seminar

Lékařská fakulta
podzim 2023
Rozsah
0/4/0. 60. 7 kr. Ukončení: z.
Vyučující
doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (cvičící)
RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (cvičící)
Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (cvičící)
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (cvičící)
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (cvičící)
MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (pomocník)
Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (pomocník)
Garance
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D.
Biochemický ústav – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D.
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Biochemický ústav – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Rozvrh seminárních/paralelních skupin
aVLBC0321s/30: Út 14:00–15:40 A16/213, Pá 14:00–15:40 A16/215, J. Slanina
aVLBC0321s/31: Út 14:00–15:40 A16/213, Pá 8:00–9:40 A16/213, H. Paulová, J. Slanina
aVLBC0321s/32: Po 10:00–11:40 A16/213, Pá 10:00–11:40 A16/213, E. Táborská
aVLBC0321s/33: Po 10:00–11:40 A16/213, Pá 10:00–11:40 A16/213, E. Táborská
aVLBC0321s/34: Út 8:00–9:40 A16/215, Pá 14:00–15:40 A16/215, H. Paulová, J. Slanina
aVLBC0321s/35: Út 8:00–9:40 A16/215, Pá 8:00–9:40 A16/213, H. Paulová
aVLBC0321s/36: Út 16:00–17:40 A16/213, Pá 10:00–11:40 A16/215, J. Dostál, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/37: Út 16:00–17:40 A16/213, Pá 10:00–11:40 A16/215, J. Dostál, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/38: Út 15:00–16:40 A16/215, Čt 15:00–16:40 A16/213, J. Dostál, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/39: Út 15:00–16:40 A16/215, Čt 15:00–16:40 A16/213, J. Dostál, J. Tomandl
Předpoklady
aVLBI0222p Lékařská biologie II - před. && aVLBF011p Biophysics - lecture
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
The aim of the course is to practice basic metabolic processes and pathways occurring at the cellular level.
Understanding these processes is the basis for understanding metabolism at the tissue and organ level, which is the focus of the follow-up course Biochemistry II.
Výstupy z učení
At the end of the course, students will:
- understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
- discuss the properties and function of enzymes
- describe basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism and their relationships.
- understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
- explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level, and the transport processes on the membrane.
- describe protein synthesis, starting with replication, transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
- explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
- discuss the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
Osnova
  • Introduction to biochemistry. Electrolytes, ion activity, osmolarity, osmolality, tonicity, oncotic pressure.
  • Acid-base reactions, weak acids/bases. Buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Properties of organic compounds (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives).
  • Introduction to bioenergetics, Gibbs energy. High-energy compounds. Redox reaction.
  • Enzymes – activity, enzyme kinetics, enzyme kinetic parameters, enzyme inhibition.
  • Enzyme cofactors – main features of structure, functions, and relationship to vitamins.
  • Citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Structure and properties of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates in nutrition. Carbohydrate digestion. Glucose transport into cells.
  • Glycolysis. Gluconeogenesis.
  • Glycogen metabolism. Pentose phosphate pathway. Metabolism of fructose and galactose.
  • Structure and properties of lipids. Surfactants. Cell membranes, membrane transport.
  • Lipids in nutrition. Digestion of lipids. Lipids in nutrition. Breakdown of fatty acids. Metabolism of ketone bodies.
  • Synthesis, elongation and desaturation of fatty acids.
  • Cholesterol metabolism. Bile acid metabolism.
  • Metabolism of triacylglycerols, phospholipids.
  • Lipid peroxidation. Eicosanoids. Lipophilic vitamins. Reactive oxygen species.
  • Structure and function of hemoglobin
  • Structure and properties of amino acids, peptides, proteins. Protein digestion. Overview of protein metabolism.
  • General features of conversion amino acids. Urea synthesis.
  • Catabolism of amino acids. Synthesis of non-essential amino acids, reversible transformations.
  • Conversions of amino acids into specialized products. Heme synthesis.
  • Structure and significance of bases/nucleotides. Uric acid. Common features of nucleotide biosynthesis.
  • Metabolism of purine/pyrimidine nucleotides. The importance of tetrahydrofolate and vitamin B12.
  • Structure of DNA, RNA, replication, transcription, protein synthesis, post-translational modification of proteins.
Literatura
    povinná literatura
  • Interactive Syllabus of the course in IS MUNI.
  • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY a P. Anthony WEIL. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. Thirty-first edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2018, x, 789. ISBN 9781260288421. info
  • Essentials of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry (Ed. Dostál J.). Download: https://portal.med.muni.cz/article-623-essentials-of-medical-chemistry-and-biochemistry.html
    doporučená literatura
  • LIEBERMAN, Michael a Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 5th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2018, xii, 1051. ISBN 9781496387721. info
  • KOOLMAN, Jan a Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
  • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI a Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students. Eighth edition. New Delhi: Jaypee The Health Sciences Publisher, 2016, xvi, 718. ISBN 9789385999741. info
Výukové metody
Active work in seminars, problem solving, discussions.
Metody hodnocení
Credit. Conditions for giving the course-unit credit:
1) completion of all seminars and 2) completion of in-term tests.
Failure to meet the requirements of in-term tests requires a resit test, which may be repeated only once. All absences must be made up before a resit test.
Detailed conditions are published in Study materials posted under the course/Interactive Syllabus.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Další komentáře
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Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích podzim 2016, podzim 2017, podzim 2018, podzim 2019, podzim 2020, podzim 2021, podzim 2022, podzim 2024.