FF:PSA_005 Cognitive Psychology - Course Information

PSA_005 Cognitive Psychology

Extent and Intensity

2/1/0. 5 credit(s). Type of Completion: k (colloquium).

Teacher(s)

doc. PhDr. Mojmír Tyrlík, Ph.D. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

PhDr. Zdenka Stránská, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology – Faculty of Arts
Contact Person: Jarmila Valchářová

Timetable

Tue 10:00–12:25 N41

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Psychology (programme FF, M-PS) (4)

Course objectives

Main objectives. Students should understand, analyze nad apply individual cognitive theories. They should be able put the information about distinctive theoretical approaches to cognitive phenomena to use in various pdsychological applications.

Syllabus

• 1) Philosophical Antecedents of Cognitive Psychology: The Emergence of Psychology; The Merging of Philosophy and Physiology into Modern Psychology; The Diverging Perspectives of Modern Psychology History of Psychology: Antecedents of Cognitive Psychology; From Associationism to Behaviorism; Gestalt psychology Research Methods in Cognitive Psychology: Goals of Research; Distinctive Methods of Research; Key Issues in Cognitive Psychology; Fields Within Cognitive Psychology Biological Foundations of Cognitive Psychology: Organization of the Nervous System;The Central Nervous System: The Brain and the Spinal Cord; Viewing the Structures and Functions of the Brain; The Cerebral Hemispheres and the Cerebral Cortex; Hemispheric Specialization; Lobes of the Cerebral Hemispheres and Cortex; Association Areas; Information Processing in the Nervous System; Structural Components: Neurons and Glial Cells; Conduction of Information Within Neurons; Communication Between Neurons; Common Neurotransmitters Attention and Consciousness: Preconscious Processing; Controlled Versus Automatic Processing; Processes Habituation; Selective Attention; Vigilance and Signal Detection; Search; Divided Attention; 2) Theories or Attention: Filter and Bottleneck Theories; Attentional-Resource Theories; Additional Considerations in Attention; Neurocognitive Findings on Attention and Consciousness; Attention and Perception 3) Perception: Depth Perception; Perceptual Constancies; Deficits in Forms and Pattern Perception; Gestalt Approaches to Form Perception Theories or Perception: Constructive Perception Direct Perception; Synthesizing the Two Theories; A Computalional Theory of Perception; Spatiotemporal Boundary-Formation Theory Theoretical Approaches to Pattern Recognition: Bottom-up Theories; Top-down Influences on Perception; Comprehension Processes Auditory Perception: Speech Perception; Basic Facts About Speech; Theorelical Approaches to Sérech; Perception Is Speech Perception Special? 4) Knowledge Representation: Mental Representation of Knowledge;Representations of Declarative Knowledge: Words Versus Picture; Mental Imagery; Dual-Code Hypothesis: Analogical Images Versus Symbols Propositional Hypothesis: Functional Equivalence: Mental Manipulations of Images; Possible Synthesis: Dual-Code; Kosslyn's Synthesis; Johnson-Laird's Synthesis; Cognitive Maps, Text Maps Representations of Declarative Knowledge: Concepts and Schemas; Semantic Network Models; Representations of Procedural Knowledge; The Production and the Production System; Conceptual Dependency; Integrative Models for Representing Declarative and Non/declarative Knowledge; The Connectionist Model 5) Memory: Exceptional Memory; Deficient and Outstanding Memory; Recall and Recognition; Implicit Versus Explicit Memory ; Model of Memory; The Sensory Store; The Short- Term Store; The Long- Term Store; Working Memory Model: Procedural, Episodic, and Semantic Memory; Concepts and Schemas: The Structure of Semantic Memory Memory Processes: Encoding of Information; Initial Encoding of Information for Brief Storage and Temporary Use; Forms of Encoding for Long- Term Storage Forgetting Information from Working Memory; Interference Theory; Decay Theory Transferring Information From Working Memory to Long-Term Storage; Rehearsal; Organization of Information; Mnemonic Devices Development of Memory: Differences in Metacognitive Processes Retrieval: Difficulties in Studying Retrieval Processes; Retrieval From Short-Term Memory; Effects of Prior Knowledge on Encoding and Retrieval; Effects of Subsequent Knowledge on Retrieval; Context Effects of Encoding and Retrieval 6) Language: General Properties of Language: Semantics and Syntax Language Acquisition: Stages of Language Acquisition; Theoretical Explanations of Language Acquisition; Cognition and Language Acquisition Semantics: Theories of Meaning; Relationships Among Concepts: Basic Levels, Explanations, and Inferences; Semantics and Other Aspects of Language Syntax: The Syntax Tendency; Parsing and Phrase Structure; Relationships Among Syntactical Structures; Relationships Between Syntactical and Lexical Structures Language in Context: Linguistic Relativity and. Linguistic Universal; Language in a Social Context; Speech Acts; Conversational Postulates; Language in a Cognitive Context; Scripts; Slips of the Tongue; Metaphorical Language 7) Problem solving : The Problem-Solving Cycle; Hindrances to Problem Solving; Mental Sets, Entrenchment, and Fixation; Negative Transfer; Positive Transfer; Incubation Creativity: Psychometric Approaches; Cognitive Approaches; Personality and Motivational Approaches 8) Decision Making and Reasoning > Classical Decision Theory; Satisficing; Elimination by Aspects; Heuristics and Biases Deductive Reasoning: Conditional Reasoning; Syllogistic Reasoning Inductive Reasoning: Reaching Causal Inferences; Categorical Inferences; Reasoning by Analogy 9) Intelligence; Structure of Intelligence: A Factor-Analytic Approach; Early Factorial Models; Multidimensional Models Inteligence as a multifacet dynamic phenomena. Exploring Piagets circular - causal model of inteligence development. Adaptaion as a positive feed-back Processes of Intelligence: An Information-Processing Approach; Lexical Access Speed and Speed of Simultaneous Processing; Sternberg: The Componential Theory and Complex Tasks; Simon: Complex Problem Solving. A dynamic factors of information-processing in modern theories of inteligence will be emphysized and explained. Integrative Approaches to Intelligence; Gardner: Multiple Intelligences; Sternberg: The Triarchic Theory Causality. Finality. Causality as reality or construct of mind. Mistakes in reasoning the causal relations between phenomenas. Open and semi-open system in psychology. Understending causal relations within whole system.

Literature

• STERNBERG, Robert J. Kognitivní psychologie. Translated by František Koukolík. Vyd. 1. Praha: Portál, 2002, 636 s. ISBN 80-7178-376-5. info
• EYSENCK, Michael W. and Marc Peter KEANE. Cognitive psychology :a student's handbook. 4th ed. Hove: Psychology Press, 2000, viii, 631. ISBN 0-86377-551-9. info
• SOLSO, Robert L. Cognitive psychology. 5th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1998, xx, 601 s. ISBN 0-205-27418-8. info
• GAVIN, Helen. The essence of cognitive psychology. 1st pub. London: Prentice-Hall Europe, 1998, xi, 215 s. ISBN 0-13-796459-5. info
• EYSENCK, Michael W. A handbook of cognitive psychology. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1984. ISBN 0-86377-016-9. info

Teaching methods

Lecturess, class discussions about student's prepared thesis

Assessment methods

Students should attend at least 70% od seminars and complete written test.

Language of instruction

Czech

Further comments (probably available only in Czech)

Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
General note: Kontrola 25.5.2007 M. Tyrlík.
Information on course enrolment limitations: Seminář pouze pro řádné posluchače jednooborového studia; 1.ročník

• Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2009, recent)
  
• Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/phil/autumn2009/PSA_005